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Psychology 1001 > Module 4: Social Psychology > Flashcards

Module 4: Social Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

phenomenon of explaining other peoples behaviours are due to internal factors and our own behaviours are due to situational forces

A

actor-observer bias

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2
Q

prejudice and discrimination toward indivduals based solely on their age

A

ageism

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3
Q

motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause harm or pain to another person

A

hostile aggression

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4
Q

motivated by acheieving a goal and does not neccessarily involve intent to cause pain or harm

A

instrumental aggression

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5
Q

humans desire to help others even if the costs outweigh the benefits of helping

A

altruism

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6
Q

group majority influences an indivduals judgement, even when that judgement is inaccurate

unequal lines experiement

A

Asch effect

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7
Q

evaluations of or feelings toward a person, idea, or object that are typically positive or negative

A

attitude

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8
Q

explanation for the behavior of other people

A

attribution

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9
Q

a person, often an adolescent, being treated negatively repeatedly and over time

A

bullying

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10
Q

situation in which a witness or bystander does not volunteer to help a victim or person in distress

A

bystander effect

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11
Q

type of persuasion

logic-driven arguments using data and facts to convince people of an arguments worthiness

A

central route persuasion

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12
Q

psychological discomfort that arises from a conflict in a persons behaviors, attitudes, or beliefs that runs counter to ones positive self-perception

A

cognitive dissonance

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13
Q

culture that focuses on communal relationships with others such as family, friends, and community

A

collectivist culture

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14
Q

type of love consisting of intimacy and commitment, but not passion.

associated with close friendships and family relationships

A

companionate love

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15
Q

person who works for a researcher and is aware of the experiment, but who acts as a participant; used to manipulate social situations as part of the research design.

A

confederate

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16
Q

seeking out information that supports our stereotypes while ignoring information that is inconsistent with our stereotypes

A

confirmation bias

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16
Q

when indivduals change their behaviour to go along with the group even if they do not agree with the group

A

conformity

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17
Q

type of love occurring when intimacy, passion, and commitment are all present

A

consummate love

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18
Q

repeated behavior that is intended to cause psychological or emotional harm to another person and that takes place online.

A

cyberbullying

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19
Q

tendency for no one in a group to help because the responsibility to help is spread throughout the group

A

diffusion of responsibility

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20
Q

negative actions toward indivduals as a result of their membership in a particular group

A

discrimination

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21
Q

describes a perspective common to personality psychologists, which assers that our behaviour is dteremined by internal factors, such as personality traits and temperament

A

dispositionism

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22
Q

capacity to understand another person’s perspective-to feel what he or she feels

A

empathy

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23
Q

persuasion of one person by another person, encouraging a person to agree to a small favour, or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favpur or purchase of a larger item

A

foot-in-the-door technique

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24
Q

strengthening of the original group attitude after discussing views within the group

A

group polarization

24
Q

tendency to overemphasize internal factors as attributions for behavior and underestimate the power of the situation

A

fundamental attribution error

24
Q

group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus

A

groupthink

25
Q

tendency for people to form social networks, including friendships, marriage, business relationships, and many other types of relationships, with others who are similar.

A

homophily

25
Q

prejudice and discrimination against indivduals based solely on their sexual orientation

A

homophobia

26
Q

in-group

A

group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to

27
Q

preference for our own group over other groups

A

in-group bias

28
Q

culture that focuses on indivdual achievement and autonomy

A

indivudalistic culture

29
Q

conformity to a group norm prompted by the belief that the group id competent and has the correct information

A

informational social influence

30
Q

internal attribute of a person, such as personality traits or temperment

A

internal factor

31
Q

ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve

A

just-world hypothesis

32
Q

theory that people value goals and achievements more when they have put more effort into them

A

justification of effort

33
Q

conformity to a group norm to fit in, feel good, and be accepted by the group

A

normative social influence

34
Q

change of behavior to please an authority figure or to avoid aversive consequences

A

obedience

35
Q

group that we do not belong to- one that we view as fundamentally different from us

A

out-group

36
Q

one person persuades another person; an indirect route that relies on association of peripheral cues (such as positive emotions and celebrity endorsement) to associate positivity with a message

A

peripheral route persuasion

37
Q

process of changing our attitude toward something based on some form of communication

A

persuasion

38
Q

nagative attitudes and feelings towards indivduals based solely on their membership in a particular group

A

prejudice

39
Q

voluntary behavior with the intent to help other people

A

prosocial behaviour

40
Q

prejudice and discrimination toward indivduals based solely on their race

A

racism

41
Q

give and take in relationships

A

reciprocity

42
Q

type of love consisting of intimacy and passion, but no commitment

A

romantic love

43
Q

act of blaming an out-group when the in-group experiences frustration or is blocked from obtaining a goal

A

scapegoating

44
Q

persons knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting

A

script

45
Q

sharing personal information in relationships

A

self-disclosure

46
Q

treating stereotyped group members according to our biased expectations only to have this treatment influence the indivdual to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs

A

self-fulfilling prophecy

47
Q

tendency for indivduals to take credit by making dispositional or interal attributions for positive outcomes and situational or external attributions for negative outcomes

A

self-serving bias

48
Q

prejudice and discrimination toward indivduals based on their sex

A

sexism

49
Q

describes a perspective that behaviour and actions are determined by the immediate environment and surrounding; a view promoted by social psychologists

A

situationism

50
Q

humans act as naive economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship, with the goal to maximize benefits and minimize costs

A

social exchange theory

51
Q

improved performance when an audience is watching versus when the indivdual performs the behavior alone.

A

social facilitation

52
Q

exertion of less effort by a person working in a group because indivdual performance cannot be evaluated spereately from the group, thus causing performance decline on easy tasks.

A

social loafing

53
Q

groups expectations regarding what is appropriate and acceptable for the thoughts and behaviours of its members.

A

social norm

54
Q

field of psychology that examines how people impact or affect each other, with particular focus on the power of the situation

A

social psychology

55
Q

socially defined pattern of behaviour that is expected of a person in a given setting or group

A

social role

56
Q

Stanford University conducted an experiment in a mock prison that demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts

A

stanford prison experiment

57
Q

specific beliefs or assumptions about indivduals based solely on their membership in a group, regardless of their indivdual characteristics

A

stereotype

58
Q

model of love based on three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment; several types of love exist, depending on the presence or absence of each of these components

sternberg

A

triangular theory of love

Psychology 1001 (7 decks)

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