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Shaker > Module 5 excretory > Flashcards

Module 5 excretory Flashcards

1
Q

What organ makes uria

A

Liver

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2
Q

Uria is found in

A

Urine

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3
Q

The two main minerals in urine is

A

Salt and Water

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4
Q

The kidneys primary responsibility is to

A

get acid out

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5
Q

3 main functions of excretory system

A

Regulation of B/P
Stimulates Erythropoiesis
Activates Vitamin D

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6
Q

What are the four organs of the Urinary System

A

Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Urethra

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7
Q

The ____ kidney is usually lower than the ______ kidney

A

Right kidney

Left kidney

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8
Q

Kidneys are located in the

A

T12/L1

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9
Q

Blood vessels in the kidney enter and exit at the

A

Hilus

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10
Q

The kidneys are covered with

A

Renal Capsule

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11
Q

The Renal Capsule is a

A

Fibrous membrane

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12
Q

adipose tissue helps

A

anchor the kidney to the peritoneum and the abdominal wall

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13
Q

The outer layer of the internal structure of the kidney is made up of

A

Renal Corpuscles

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14
Q

The renal medulla of the internal structure is made up of

A

loop of henle and collecting tubules

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15
Q

Tubules form cone shaped structures called

A

Renal pyramids

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16
Q

Funnel shaped cavity that forms the upper part of the ureter is called the

A

Renal pyramid

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17
Q

The kidney recieves ______ of cardiac output

A

20-25% (5-6 liters)

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18
Q

The arterioles work with the _______

A

Nephrons

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19
Q

Venules in the kidney unite to form

A

Veins

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20
Q

Veins in the kidney merge to form the _____ which joins the

A

Renal vein

Inferior vena cava

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21
Q

The structural and functional unit of the kidney is called the

A

Nephron

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22
Q

Each kidney contains about ________ nephrons

A

1 million

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23
Q

Nephron is to Kidney as Alveolar is the

A

Lung

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24
Q

Nephron is made up of (2)

A

Tubular and Vascular structure

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25
Q

The 3 main functions of the Nephrons are

A

Filtration
Secretion
Reaborption

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26
Q

Movement of water and solutes from the glomerulus to Bowman’s capsule is called

A

Filtration

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27
Q

Additional waste products and unneeded electrolytes are moved from the bloodstream into the forming urine is called

A

Secretion

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28
Q

Water, electrolytes and additional needed materials are moved from the forming urine into the bloodstream is called

A

Reabsorption

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29
Q

The Renal corpuscle is made up of (2)

A

Glomerulus and Glomerular

30
Q

The Bowmans capsule is also known as the

A

Glomerular

31
Q

The glomerulus is a cluster of

A

Capillaries

32
Q

This arteriole brings blood to the renal corpuscle and it branches

A

Afferent arteriole

33
Q

The arteriole takes blood away from the renal corpuscle

A

Efferent arteriole

34
Q

The afferent arteriole has a ______ than the efferent arteriole

A

wider diameter

35
Q

The site of filtration is the

A

Renal corpuscle

36
Q

The glomerulus is surrounded by the

A

Bowmans capsule

37
Q

The first part of the renal tubules after the glomerular capsule is the

A

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

38
Q

The site of the most Reabsorption is the

A

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

39
Q

The loop of henle is responsible for the absorption of

A

K, Na, Cl

40
Q

The beginning of reabsorption occurs in the

A

Loop of Henle

41
Q

The site of aldosterone and tubular secretion is the

A

Distal Convoluted Tubule

42
Q

Formed as water and solutes move between the vascular structure and the tubular structure of the nephron

A

Urine

43
Q

Glomerular filtration is dependent on

A

B/P

44
Q

Normal Glomerular filtration rate is about

A

125 ml/min or 180L/day

45
Q

Normal Urine production is about ____

A

1-2 Liters per day

46
Q

During Glomerular filtration approximately _____ of the filtrate gets reabsorbed

A

99%

47
Q

Reabsorption takes place by (3)

A

Diffusion
Active transport
Osmosis

48
Q

The single most important electrolyte that is involved in fluid balance and fluid distribution is

A

Na

49
Q

Aldosterone helps

A

The secretion of K

Reabsorption of Na

50
Q

Water follows the

A

Solvent

51
Q

When B/P falls filtration is not effective and the kidneys secrete renin ________ is secreted

A

Aldosterone

52
Q

The ureters are about ______ long

A

10-13 inches long

53
Q

Connect the kidney with the urinary bladder

A

Ureter

54
Q

The three layers that the ureter is made up of

A

Epithelium
Smooth muscle
Connective tissue

55
Q

Urine drains by ______ while the ureters are capable of

A

Gravity

Peristalsis

56
Q

Ureters open into the inferior part of the urinary bladder preventing

A

backflow of urine

57
Q

When empty the Urinary bladder is located behind the

A

pubic symphysis below the parietal peritoneum

58
Q

When full the urinary bladder

A

extends into the abdominal cavity

59
Q

The outer layer of the Urinary bladder is the

A

Serosa

60
Q

The mucosa is made up of

A

Mucous membrane

61
Q

The submucosa is made up of

A

connective tissue and elastic fibers

62
Q

The smooth muscle is called the

A

Detrusor muscle

63
Q

Triangular area in the floor of the urinary bladder formed by the openings of the ureters and the urethra

A

Trigone

64
Q

The urethra extends from

A

Urinary bladder to the Urinary meatus

65
Q

In the male the Urethra is about _____ however in the female it is about _____

A

8 inches

1 inch

66
Q

In the male the urethra is surrounded by

A

Prostate gland

67
Q

Micturation is also known as

A

Urination

68
Q

Stretching of the Detrusor muscle allows for

A

Urination

69
Q

Most often the urge to urinate happens when there is ________ in the bladder

A

200ml

70
Q

Urine usually has a pH of

A

6.0 (4.6-8.0)

71
Q

the lower the specific gravity the more _______ the higher the more _____

A 
Dilute = low
Concentrated = high
72
Q

A low specific gravity usually means

A

Fluid overload

Shaker (5 decks)

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