Module 5 Chemical Restraints Flashcards
1
Q
are sedatives prescription or over the counter
A
all sedatives are prescription
2
Q
anesthesia
A
lack of feeling or sensation
- general: ketamine
- local: nerve blockers
3
Q
alpha 2 receptors
A
- binds to and stimulates receptors
- reduction in adrenaline release
4
Q
xylazine
A
- alpha 2 agonist
- sedation
- analgesia
- muscle relaxation
- IV or IM
- make hypersensitive to the touch around hind end
5
Q
what is analgesia
A
pain relief
6
Q
detomidine
A
- alpha 2 agonist
- more potent and longer lasting
- controls limbs better
- can give orally and injectable
7
Q
romifidine
A
- alpha 2 agonist
- head does not lower as much
- long lasting
- does dependent
- not available in US
8
Q
butorphanol
A
- opioid
- controlled substance
- analgesic
- give too much will cause ataxia
- commonly combined with other sedatives
9
Q
what is ataxia
A
incoordination and head bobbing
10
Q
acepromazine
A
- horse can still feel so not great restraint drug
- tranquilization, calming,, and decrease in spontaneous movement
- suppresses fight or flight system (sympathetic nervous system)
- very little analgesia
11
Q
what are the side affects of acepromazine
A
- hypotension
- seizures
- paraphimosis
12
Q
what is hypotension
A
lowering blood pressure
13
Q
what is hypertension
A
increasing blood pressure
14
Q
what is paraphimosis
A
- in males
- inability of male to retract penis into sheath
- 1 in 10,000
15
Q
when and when not is acepromazine used
A
- geldings= use
- stallions= don’t use
- issues with blood pressure= don’t use
- horse needs pain relief= don’t use
- colic= don’t use
- calm and relax horse= use in low doses
16
Q
ketamine
A
- anesthetic
- always precede by a sedative
- controlled drug
- not used for chemical restraint
- short acting
- give IV
- very little muscle relaxation
17
Q
tranquilizers
A
- generally horse is aware of surroundings but doesn’t care
- reduce anxiety
- little pain relief
- ex= acepromazine
18
Q
sedation
A
- horse is unaware and doesn’t care
- prevent movement
- provide restraint
- offer pain relief
- ex= alpha 2 agonist
