Module 5 Burns Flashcards
What is the color and vascularity of an epidural burn?
Erythematous, pink or red; irritated dermis
What is the surface appearance and pain level of an epidermal burn?
no blisters, dry surface; delayed pain, tender
How is the swelling/healing/scarring of the epidermal burn
minimal edema; spontaneous healing; no scars
What is the color and vascularity of a superficial partial thickness burn
bright pink or red, mottled red; inflamed dermis; erythematous with blanching and brisk capillary refill
What is the surface appearance and pain of a superficial partial thickness burn
intact blisters; moist weeping, or glistening surface when blisters removed; very painful, sensitive to changes in temperature, exposure to air currents, light touch
What is the swelling/healing/scarring of superficial partial thickness burn
moderate edema; spontaneous healing; minimal scarring; discoloration
What is the color and vascularity of a deep partial thickness burn
mixed red, waxy white; blanching with slow capillary refill
What is the surface appearance and pain of deep partial thickness burn
broken blisters; wet surface; sensitive to pressure but insensitive to light touch or soft pinprick
What is the swelling/healing/scarring of a deep partial thickness burn
marked edema; slow healing; excessive scarring
What is the color and vascularity of a full thickness burn
white (ischemic), charred, tan, fawn, mahogany, black, red (hemoglobin fixation); no blanching; thrombosed vessels; poor distal circulation
What is the surface appearance and pain of a full thickness burn
parchment-like, leathery, rigid, dry; anesthetic; body hairs pull out easily
What is the swelling/healing/scarring of a full thickness burn
area depressed; heals with skin grafting; scarring
What is the color and vascularity of a subdermal burn
charred (blackened)
What is the surface appearance/pain of a subdermal burn
subcutaneous tissue evident; anesthetic; muscle damage; neurological involvement
What is the swelling/healing/scarring of a subdermal burn
tissue defects; heals with skin grafts or flap; scarring
What is the zone of coagulation
cells are irreversibly damaged and skin death occurs
What is the zone of stasis
injured cells that may die within 24 to 48 hours without diligent treatment
What is the zone of hyperemia
a site of minimal cell damage, and the tissue should recover within several days with no lasting effects
Adult rule of 9
anterior head 4.5
posterior head 4.5
anterior trunk 18
posterior trunk 18
anterior arm 4.5
posterior arm 4.5
anterior leg 9
posterior leg 9
genitals 1
Rule of 9 child
anterior head 8.5
posterior head 8.5
anterior trunk 18
posterior trunk 18
anterior arm 4.5
posterior arm 4.5
anterior leg 6.5
posterior leg 6.5
genitals 1
What are the signs of inhalation injury
facial burns, singed nasal hairs. harsh cough, and carbonaceous sputum and/or hypoxemia
