Module 5: Abdominal Cavity

Question 1

peritoneum

Answer 1

two layered serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity. outer layer is parietal peritoneum, inner layer is visceral peritoneum

Question 2

what type of membrane lines most intraperitoneal organs?

Answer 2

visceral peritoneum

Question 3

peritoneal cavity

Answer 3

lies w/i the abdominal cavity, continues into pelvic cavity. potential space between parietal and visceral peritoneum.

Question 4

contents of the peritoneal cavity

Answer 4

peritoneal fluid, leukocytes, antibodies, NO ORGANS!!!

Question 5

why is the peritoneal cavity more susceptible to infection in women?

Answer 5

because there is a communication with the external environment via the fallopian tubes and vagina.

Question 6

discuss pain sensation of the parietal peritoneum

Answer 6

generally well localized

Question 7

discuss pain sensation of the visceral peritoneum

Answer 7

poorly localized, referred to dermatomes of the spinal nerves providing sensory fibers

Question 8

discuss innervation and vascular supply of the parietal peritoneum

Answer 8

served by the same stuff that supplies the region of the abdominopelvic wall it lines

Question 9

discuss innervation and vascular supply of the visceral peritoneum

Answer 9

served by the same stuff that supplies the organs it covers

Question 10

foregut derivatives

Answer 10

pharynx, esophagus, stomach

Question 11

midgut derivatives

Answer 11

small intestine, cecum, appendix, ascending colon

Question 12

hindgut derivatives

Answer 12

descending and sigmoid colons

Question 13

where is pain from foregut derivatives usually experienced?

Answer 13

epigastric region

Question 14

where is pain from the midgut derivatives usually experienced?

Answer 14

umbilical region

Question 15

where is pain from the hindgut usually experienced?

Answer 15

pubic region

Question 16

blood supply of the foregut

Answer 16

celiac trunk

Question 17

blood supply of midgut

Answer 17

superior mesenteric artery

Question 18

blood supply of hindgut

Answer 18

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 19

mesentery

Answer 19

double layer of peritoneum that occurs as a result of the invagination of the peritoneum by an organ. examples: mesentery of small intestine). provide neurovascular communication between organ and body wall.

Question 20

physical make up of mesentary

Answer 20

connective tissue core, containing blood and lymph vessels, nerves, fat, lymph nodes

Question 21

list the primary and secondary retroperitoneal organs

Answer 21

SAD PUCKER
Suprenal glands (adrenal glands)
Aorta
Duodenum (only second and third sections)
Pancreas (only head, neck body)
Ureters
Colon (only ascending and descending)
Kidneys
Esophagus
Rectum

***PADD are the secondary retroperitoneal (pancreas, ascending colon, descending colon, duodenum)

Question 22

peritoneal ligament

Answer 22

double layer of peritoneum connecting an organ w/ another organ or to abdominal wall

Question 23

omentum

Answer 23

double0layered extension of peritoneum passing from stomach and proximal part of duodenum to adjacent organs

Question 24

greater omentum

Answer 24

has three parts:

1. gastrophrenic ligament
2. gastrosplenic ligament
3. gastrocolic ligament

Question 25

transverse mesocolon

Answer 25

mesentery that supports the transverse colon

Question 26

lesser omentum

Answer 26

made up of the hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments. connects lesser curvature of stomach and proximal part of duodenum to the liver.

Question 27

sigmoid mesocolon

Answer 27

mesentery that supports the sigmoid colon

Question 28

mesoappendix

Answer 28

mesentery that supports the vermiform appendix

Question 29

structures that make up the portal triad

Answer 29

portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct

Question 30

what ribs overlie the the spleen

Answer 30

L 9-11

Question 31

which mesenteric ligaments conducts the portal triad?

Answer 31

hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 32

what are the three major branches of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 32

celiac trunk, superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

Question 33

the hepatic portal vein is formed by the union of the _____ and _________ veins

Answer 33

superior mesenteric

splenic

Question 34

what portal system collects blood from the abdominal part of the GI tract (pancreas, spleen, most of gallbladder) and carries it to the liver?

Answer 34

hepatic portal venous sytem

Question 35

what structures make up the solar plexus

Answer 35

1. aorticorenal ganglia
2. celiac ganglia
3. superior mesenteric ganglia

Question 36

the common iliac artery branches into what arteries?

Answer 36

internal and external iliac arteries

Question 37

what are the two main branches of the common hepatic artery?

Answer 37

gastroduodenal artery and the proper hepatic artery

Question 38

what are the branches of the gastroduodenal artery?

Answer 38

1. right gastro-omental (gastroepipoloic artery)
2. anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
3. posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

Question 39

what are the branches of the proper hepatic artery?

Answer 39

1. right gastric artery
2. right hepatic artery (branches into cystic artery)
3. left hepatic artery

Question 40

what are the main branches of the superior mesenteric artery?

Answer 40

1. middle colic artery
2. inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
3. right colic artery
4. ileocolic artery (branches into appendicular artery)
5. intestinal branches (leading to jejunum)

Question 41

the hepatic portal vein is formed by the union of the ______, and ______ veins

Answer 41

superior mesenteric and splenic