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Hazmat Tech > Module 5 > Flashcards

Module 5 Flashcards

1
Q

The discovering the presence of a contaminant or its associated hazard in an area or environment

A

Detection

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2
Q

The measurement of the amount of a contaminant or its associated hazard at a given time and location

A

Monitoring

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3
Q

The act of taking a small part of a material for testing and analysis

A

Sampling

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4
Q

What is the O2 level in the hot zone

A

< 19.5% or > 23%

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5
Q

What is the LEL % in the hot zone

A

Greater than or equal to 25% LEL

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6
Q

What is the Ionizing Radiation level of the Hot Zone

A

> 2 mR/h

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7
Q

What is the O2 level in the cold zone

A

~ 21%

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8
Q

When entering and area where the hazard is not identified always monitor for these hazards in Atmospheric Monitoring

A

Radiation
Flammable Vapors
Oxygen Concentration
Toxic Gases (PPM or PPB)

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9
Q

7 Types of Hazards

A
  • High Energy Release
  • Flammability
  • O2 deficiency
  • O2 Enriched
  • Toxic
  • Corrosive
  • Biological Potential
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10
Q

What is the issue with High Energy Release

A

Unexpected release of chemical energy or ionizing radiation

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11
Q

What is the issue with Flammability

A

The production of atmosphere where vapors can ignite and burn

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12
Q

What is the issue with O2 deficiency

A

Atmosphere lacks sufficient O2 to support life

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13
Q

What is the issue with O2 enriched

A

Atmosphere provides too much O2 and increases risk of fire or toxicity

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14
Q

What is the issue with Corrosives

A

Damaging or destructive effects to living tissues (skin, lungs, eyes) or certain metals

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15
Q

What is the issue with Biological Potential

A

Microorganisms and/or their by-products that can cause illness or death

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16
Q

Emergency Action levels of Ionizing Radiation

A

Greater or equal to 2mR/hr - Consult a specialist

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17
Q

Emergency Action levels of Flammability

A

Greater than or equal to 25% of LEL

  • Explosive/Extreme Fire hazard
  • Leave area immediately and Ventilate
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18
Q

Emergency Action levels of O2 Enriched

A

Greater than or equal to 23.5% volume in air

  • Increased fire hazard
  • Secure oxidizer and ventilate
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19
Q

Emergency Action levels of O2 Deficient

A

Less than or equal to 19.5% volume in air

- SCBA Required

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20
Q

RAD

A

Radiation Absorbed Dose

- The basic unit of absorbed dose of ionizing radiation

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21
Q

Geiger -Mueller Tube

A

Gas filled detector

Can detect Alpha, Beta, Gamma

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22
Q

Scintillation Detector

A

Uses crystals that when hit by radiation produces a pulse of light

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23
Q

What are the 2 Principles of Detection

A

Geiger - Mueller Tube

Scintillation Detector

24
Q

Radiation Survey Monitors (2)

A

Ludlum Model 2240 (Alpha Beta Gamma)

Ludlum 2241-3 (Alpha Beta Gamma)

25
Q

Dosimeters

A

Measure total exposure to individuals over a given period of time

26
Q

OSLD

A

Optically-Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeter

27
Q

What does the Optically-Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeter do?

A

Provides a permanent record of total dose accumulated (badges radiology techs wear)

28
Q

CGI, what does this stand for?

A

Combustible Gas Indicators

29
Q

How is CGI used?

A
  • used to determine the presence of flammable vapors and hydrocarbon products.
  • They measure the flammable vapors as a % of the LEL
30
Q

If the Flammable Environment Action Level is less than ___ % LEL. What should you do?

A

10%, Continue with caution

31
Q

If the Flammable Environment Action Level ___ % - _____% LEL. What should you do?

A

10% - 25%, Continue working with caution and continuous monitoring

32
Q

If the Flammable Environment Action Level is greater than ___ % LEL. What should your do?

A

25%, Withdraw from area

33
Q

Correction Factors for CGI equation

A

Meter Reading x Correction Factor = ## % LEL
0.00 x Meter reading = % volume in air
% volume in air x 10000 = ## ppm

34
Q

For every 1% drop in O2, there is…..

A

approx 50000 ppm of something else present

35
Q

What is O2 and LEL measured in?

A

%

36
Q

What are toxic sensors measured in?

A

ppm

37
Q

What are the action levels for O2

A

Less than 19.5% O2 deficient atmosphere
- OSHA Requires the use of SCBA or SAR
Greater than 23.5% (VOSH) / 25% (OSHA) O2 enriched atmosphere
- Extreme fire and/or explosion hazard

38
Q

What are some limiting factors of O2 sensors

A
  • altitude
  • limited 1-2 year shelf life
  • low temps may freeze the electrolyte solution in sensor
  • Oxidizers will give a high reading
  • High CO limit sensor
  • may be affected by changes in temp, humidity, and atmospheric pressure
  • May be affected by high concentrations of CO or CO2
39
Q

Toxic Gas Sensors

A

used to detect and measure the presence of gases such as Hydrogen Sulfide, and CO, Chlorine and a broad range of other chemicals

40
Q

What do photoionization detectors monitor?

A
  • detect either qualitative or quantitative presence of organic and inorganic compounds
  • measures the concentration of gases present in a sample using photoionization
41
Q

What does PID stand for?

A

PhotoIonization Detector

42
Q

What is the ionization potential (IP)?

A

of a molecule that the energy in electron volts (eV) required to free an electron from the molecule.

43
Q

What is the eV of the bulb used in the PID’s?

A

10.6

44
Q

Limitations of the PID

A

UV light is affected by radio waves
Dust or dirt on lamp windows affects readings
Condensation on lamp windows affects readings

45
Q

If the IP is lower than the eV bulb at 10.6 what will happen

A

The chemical will be seen

46
Q

If the IP is higher than the eV bulb aat 10.6 what will happen

A

The chemical will NOT be seen and a higher bulb may be needed or a flame ionization detector

47
Q

Flame Ionization Detector

A
  • Used to detect volatile hydrocarbons and many carbon containing compounds.
  • This can ionize any organic material with an IP of 15.4 or less
48
Q

Colormetric Tubes

A
  • allow an evaluation of potential hazards quickly, operate by drawing an air sample through a tube.
  • Used for the detection of specific vapors and also for aiding in the identification of unknowns.
49
Q

Qualitative

A

The positive or negative of product

50
Q

Quantitative

A

Measurable to determine the amounts and proportions.

51
Q

Colormetric tube limitations:

A

1-3 year shelf life
moisture and temp can affect readings
difficulty with interpreting
different brands of colormetrics do not work with other pumps.

52
Q

On pH scale, if the finding is below a 7 what is it

A

Acid

53
Q

On the pH scale, if the finding is above a 7 what is it

A

Base

54
Q

What are PCB tests?

A

changes color in presence of PCB (found in old electrical transformers)

55
Q

What does a positive on a Protein Test Kit mean?

A

possibility of a biological agent

Hazmat Tech (8 decks)

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