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Hazmat Tech > MOD 3 > Flashcards

MOD 3 Flashcards

1
Q

If Boiling Point is less than ambient air it is what?

A

Gas

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2
Q

If the material’s boiling point is above the ambient air but below 300 F.. what is it?

A

Liquid with vapors

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3
Q

If the materials Boiling point is above 300F what is it?

A

Liquid

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4
Q

If the melting/freezing point is above ambient temp what is it?

A

Solid

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5
Q

Any substance that boils at atmospheric pressure at any temp less than 80F

A

Gas

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6
Q

DOT defines gases as materials with a boiling point below… what temp?

A

68F

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7
Q

This material, when in a container has an absolute pressure of 40 psi @ 70F

A

Compressed Gas

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8
Q

This gas becomes a liquid in a container at normal temps at a pressure from 25 to 2500 psi

A

Liquefied Compressed Gas

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9
Q

Gases with boiling points below -130F

A

Cryogenic Gas

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10
Q

These have a fixed volume but not a fixed shape

A

Liquids

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11
Q

Boiling point

A

determination of how many volumes of gas or vapor are produced by the evaporation of one volume of liuid

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12
Q

Vapor density

A
  • relative density of a vapor compared to air
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13
Q

Specific Density

A
  • Relative density of a liquid when compared to water
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14
Q

Critical temp and pressure

A
  • Relates to the process of liquefying gases
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15
Q

Critical Temperature

A

min temp required to liquefy a gas, no matter how much pressure is applied

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16
Q

Critical Pressure

A

the pressure that must be applied to bring a gas to a liquid state

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17
Q

Boiling point

A

Temp at which the transition from liquid to a gas state

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18
Q

Melting point

A

temp at which a solid becomes a liquid

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19
Q

SADT

A

Self-Accelerating Decomposition Temp

  • property of every preroxide, range is 0F - 50F
  • if some portion of the material reaches this temp, decomp will begin and no way to stop it.
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20
Q

LC 50

A

Concentration Fifty Percent
- concentration of a material in air, that is expected to kill 50% of animal test group when administered in a specific time period

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21
Q

When a substance passes directly from a solid to a vapor state

A

Sublimation

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22
Q

The ability of a substance to form a solution with water t

A

Solubility

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23
Q

A chemical reaction that combines metal elements with non metal elements producing a compound called Salt

A

Ionic Bonding

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24
Q

A chemical reaction that combines two non-metals together. These products are held together by the sharing of electrons between the parts.

A

Covalent Bonding

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25
Q

Minimum temp to which a material must be raised to allow for combustion in the presence of an ignition source

A

Flash Point

26
Q

This temperature is usually 1-3F above the flash point. This must be sustained for continuous combustion to occur

A

Fire point

27
Q

the % of vapor in the air, in which ignition will occur

A

Flammable Range

28
Q

Flammable Range is described in terms of _________ and __________

A

LEL

UEL

29
Q

Minimum temp which a material must be heated in order to initiate self-sustained combustion

A

Ignition Temp.

30
Q

Words that end in “- ene”

A

Alkenes are made of carbons that attach to each other with double covalent bonds.
- Very reactive

31
Q

Words that end in “-yne”

A

Alkynes are made up of carbons that attach to each other with triple covalent bonds.
-Highly unstable

32
Q

4 types of Routes of exposure

A
  • Inhalation
  • ingestion
  • Absorption
  • Injection
33
Q

3 Types of Contact Hazards

A
  • Chemical Burns
  • Thermal burns
  • Frostbite
34
Q

TLV - what does this stand for

A

Threshold Limit Value

35
Q

TLV deffinition

A

airborne concentrations of materials to which nearly all workers can be exposed day after day without adverse effects.

36
Q

TLV / TWA- what does this stand for

A

Threshold Limit Value / Time Weighted Average

37
Q

TLV /TWA deffinition

A

max concentration, averaged over 8 hrs, to which a healthy adult can be exposed to for 8 hrs/day, 40 hrs / week.

38
Q

TLV / STEL- what does this stand for

A

Threshold Limit Value / Short Term Exposure Limit

39
Q

TLV / STEL definition

A

max average concentration, averaged over a 15 min period, for healthy adults, that can be exposed for up to 15 min continuously and no more than 4 x / day.

40
Q

TLV / C - what does this stand for

A

Threshold Limit Value / Ceiling

41
Q

TLV / C Definition

A

max concentration to which a healthy adult can be exposed without risk of injury.

42
Q

LD 50 - what does this stand for

A

Lethal dose fifty percent

43
Q

LD 50 deffinition

A

a single dose that will cause the death of 50% of a group of tested animals exposed to it by any route other than inhalation.

44
Q

PEL - what does this stand for

A

Permissible Exposure Limit

45
Q

PEL Definition

A

Max amount or airborne concentration of a substance to which a worker may be legally exposed to.
- PEL’s are set by OSHA

46
Q

BLEVE - what does this stand for

A 
Boil
Liquid
Expansion
Vapors
Explosion
47
Q

BLEVE definition

A

container failure with a release of energy, often rapid and violent. Also accompanied by a release of gas to the atmosphere and propulsion of the container.

48
Q

Polymerization

A

a chemical reaction in which small molecules combine to form larger molecules

49
Q

Catalyst

A

used to speed up chemical reaction

50
Q

inhibitor

A

chemical that is used to prevent chemical reaction

51
Q

Isotopes

A

atoms of an element all have the same number of protons

52
Q

5 Sorbent materials

A
  • Cellulose bonded
  • Dirt and Earth
  • Expanded polymer
  • mineral and clay based
  • Sand
53
Q

2 Methods for controlling air release

A
  • Vapor Dispersion

- Vapor Supression

54
Q

7 Methods for Liquid Release

A
  • Dispersants
  • Dilution
  • Neutralization
  • Solidification
  • Gelatin
  • Absorbents
  • Adsorbents
55
Q

Classes of Hazardous Materials

A 
1 Explosives
2 Gases
3 Flammable Liquids
4 Flammable Solids
5 Oxidizers / Organic Peroxides
6 Poisons / Infections materials
7 Radiological
8 Corrosives
9 Misc.
56
Q

Pure Substances

A

homogeneous materials having a constant, fixed chemical composition with no impurities

57
Q

Element

A

Simplest form of any substance cannot be decomposed into smaller units and remain that element

58
Q

Compounds

A

substance composed of 2 or more elements in a chemical combination that has a fixed chemical composition.

59
Q

Mixtures

A

materials that are made of 2 or more substances in varying proportions that are not chemically combined

60
Q

Solution

A

a uniformed dispersion of one or more substances (Solute) in one or more other substances (solvent)

61
Q

Slurry

A

a pourable mix of a solid and liquid

Hazmat Tech (8 decks)

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