Module 5 Flashcards
Process of determining that everything is going according to plan.
Comparing what has actually been accomplished with the original master plan
* in order to determine its success or identify needed modifications
Controlling
What are the different types of control?
Timing, Designing systems, Management levels, Responsibility
This process involves collecting information about a finished task, assessing that information and improvising the same type of tasks in the future.
Feedback Control
It is also called real-time control. It checks any problem and examines it to take action before any loss is incurred (e.g. control chart)
Concurrent Control
Also predictive control. This type of control helps to foresee problem ahead of occurrence. Therefore action can be taken before such a circumstance arises
(e.g. preventive maintenance)
Feed Forward Control
Control is based upon market mechanisms of competitive activities in terms of price and market share.
Market Control
focuses on authority, rule and regulations, procedures and policies
Bureaucratic Control
The control systems are designed in a way that give way to shared vision, shared values, norms, traditions and beliefs,
etc., part of the organizational culture.
Clan Control
Used at the lower management; exercised almost every day
(e.g. Quality control, financial controls)
Operational Control
Exercised by top and middle management.
Are the different elements of organization structure serving their intended aims? Is there overstaffing? Is the ratio of staff to line increasing?
Structural Control
Responsibility rests with the person executing the things
Permits highly motivated people to exercise self-discipline.
Internal control
Exercised by top level management; determine whether the effectiveness of
strategies are successful in helping organizations to meet its goals
Strategic Control
Exercised by middle management levels; deals with the departmental objectives
Tactical Control
Control is in the hands of supervisor or manager and control is exercised through formal systems.
External control
What are the controls on the basis of Timing?
Feedback Control, Concurrent Control, Feed Forward Control
What are the controls on the basis of Designing Systems?
Market Control, Bureaucratic Control, Clan Control
What are the controls on the basis of Management Levels?
Operational Control, Structural Control, Tactical Control, Strategic Control
What are the controls on the basis of Responsibility?
Internal Control, External Control
What four goals should performance standards satisfy
relevant, fair comparison, consistent, objective
An item against which the performance
or behavior of an employee can be compared to obtain a relative measurement
Performance Standard
Two basic means of Performance Appraisal
Using a scale, Peer Comparison
The formal communication system used by an organization to assess and provide feedback to employees about job performance expectations
Performance appraisal
focus on achievement, as in MBO programs, quality assessment and improvement (QA & I), and CQI
Result-oriented approaches
includes tools that rate the
worker against descriptions of
predetermined behavior levels
Behavior-oriented methods
