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Laboratory Management > Module 5 > Flashcards

Module 5 Flashcards

1
Q

 Process of determining that everything is going according to plan.
 Comparing what has actually been accomplished with the original master plan
* in order to determine its success or identify needed modifications

A

Controlling

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2
Q

What are the different types of control?

A

Timing, Designing systems, Management levels, Responsibility

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3
Q

This process involves collecting information about a finished task, assessing that information and improvising the same type of tasks in the future.

A

Feedback Control

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4
Q

It is also called real-time control. It checks any problem and examines it to take action before any loss is incurred (e.g. control chart)

A

Concurrent Control

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5
Q

Also predictive control. This type of control helps to foresee problem ahead of occurrence. Therefore action can be taken before such a circumstance arises
(e.g. preventive maintenance)

A

Feed Forward Control

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6
Q

Control is based upon market mechanisms of competitive activities in terms of price and market share.

A

Market Control

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7
Q

focuses on authority, rule and regulations, procedures and policies

A

Bureaucratic Control

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8
Q

The control systems are designed in a way that give way to shared vision, shared values, norms, traditions and beliefs,
etc., part of the organizational culture.

A

Clan Control

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9
Q

Used at the lower management; exercised almost every day
(e.g. Quality control, financial controls)

A

Operational Control

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10
Q

 Exercised by top and middle management.
 Are the different elements of organization structure serving their intended aims? Is there overstaffing? Is the ratio of staff to line increasing?

A

Structural Control

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11
Q

 Responsibility rests with the person executing the things
 Permits highly motivated people to exercise self-discipline.

A

Internal control

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12
Q

Exercised by top level management; determine whether the effectiveness of
strategies are successful in helping organizations to meet its goals

A

Strategic Control

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13
Q

Exercised by middle management levels; deals with the departmental objectives

A

Tactical Control

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14
Q

 Control is in the hands of supervisor or manager and control is exercised through formal systems.

A

External control

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15
Q

What are the controls on the basis of Timing?

A

Feedback Control, Concurrent Control, Feed Forward Control

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16
Q

What are the controls on the basis of Designing Systems?

A

Market Control, Bureaucratic Control, Clan Control

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17
Q

What are the controls on the basis of Management Levels?

A

Operational Control, Structural Control, Tactical Control, Strategic Control

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18
Q

What are the controls on the basis of Responsibility?

A

Internal Control, External Control

19
Q

What four goals should performance standards satisfy

A

relevant, fair comparison, consistent, objective

20
Q

An item against which the performance
or behavior of an employee can be compared to obtain a relative measurement

A

Performance Standard

21
Q

Two basic means of Performance Appraisal

A

Using a scale, Peer Comparison

22
Q

The formal communication system used by an organization to assess and provide feedback to employees about job performance expectations

A

Performance appraisal

23
Q

focus on achievement, as in MBO programs, quality assessment and improvement (QA & I), and CQI

A

Result-oriented approaches

24
Q

includes tools that rate the
worker against descriptions of
predetermined behavior levels

A

Behavior-oriented methods

25
Q

attempt to measure the traits and skills of the worker ( focus on the performer)

A

Skill-oriented methods

26
Q

Used to identify candidates for promotion, staff reduction and merit pay or recognition

A

Peer comparison

27
Q

Incorporates the critical incident method into a system that identifies key job dimensions or tasks and develops a behavior description with graphic scale

A

Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS)

28
Q

Four main methods for peer comparison

A

Ranking Method, Forced Distribution, Point Allocation Method, Paired Comparison

29
Q

Often used to identify candidates for promotion, staff reduction, and merit pay or recognition programs

A

Peer Comparison

30
Q

Supervisor/rater ranks staff from best to worst

A

Ranking Method

31
Q

Employees are sorted into different categories (top, middle, bottom)

A

Forced Distribution

32
Q

Appraiser is given 100 points that must be allocated among the staff

A

Point Allocation Method

33
Q

Assessor compares each individual against every other individual

A

Paired Comparison

34
Q

What are the four main functions of the management process?

A

Planning, Organizing, Directing, Controlling

35
Q

what is concurrent control also called

A

real-time control

36
Q

what is feed forward also called

A

predictive control

37
Q

Four Approaches/Orientations in Measuring Performance:

A

result oriented approaches, behavioral oriented methods, skill oriented methods, peer comparisons

38
Q

list the scale-rating methods

A

forced choice, critical incident, behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS), mixed-standard scales

39
Q

Rater selects from among a group of predetermined
descriptions of the statements that best and least match the employee being evaluated

A

forced-choice method

40
Q

Requires appraisers to cite specific examples of behavior, both positive andnegative

A

critical incident method

41
Q

Requires appraisers to cite specific examples (i.e.
critical incidents) of behavior, both positive and
negative

A

critical incident method

42
Q

Modified BARS. Instead of 1-7 rating, rating is
plotted on a 3-point scale (3-2-1 or 2-1-0)

A

mixed-standard scales

43
Q

The corrective action may be to maintain status
quo (reinforcing successes), correcting the deviation, or changing standards.

A

corrective action

Laboratory Management (7 decks)

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