Module 3

Question 1

• Gathering of necessary resources and people
• Process of structuring activities, materials, and personnel for accomplishing predetermined objectives.

Answer 1

organizing

Question 2

A self-contained collection of interacting and interdependent components, working together toward a common purpose.

Answer 2

System

Question 3

process through which needed resources are acquired and replaced

Answer 3

Input Mechanism

Question 4

internal process whereby resources received through the input channels are converted into the products and services produced by the organization.

Answer 4

transformation

Question 5

process of delivering the goods and services produced.

Answer 5

output mechanism

Question 6

• Formal written presentation of the structural plan of the organization
• Visual depiction of the organization

Answer 6

Organizational Charts

Question 7

has many management layers

Answer 7

Traditional Organizational Chart Format (tall-structure design)

Question 8

has few management layers

Answer 8

Traditional Organizational Chart Format (flat-structure design)

Question 9

Sample shows a different structure, one that focuses on organizational interdependence, rather than on the segregation and division of each department

Answer 9

Alternative Chart Formats

Question 10

The organizational structure is based on:

Answer 10

authority, responsibility, and accountability

Question 11

different types of authority

Answer 11

formal and informal

Question 12

Assigned by organization or administration

Answer 12

formal authority

Question 13

Gained informally through competence or leadership qualities

Answer 13

informal authority

Question 14

employee’s duty to perform assigned task or activities.

Answer 14

responsibility

Question 15

obligation or willingness to
accept responsibility for one’s actions.

Answer 15

accountability

Question 16

• The officially sanctioned lines of authority assigned by the owners of the organization
• Hierarchy of group works, job assignment and line authority

Answer 16

Formal Bureaucracy

Question 17

• Develop from the interaction and allegiance of people with common interests
• Friendships, social groupings at lunch and after hours, “grapevine

Answer 17

Informal Groups

Question 18

Used synonymously with “power”, “influence”, “knowledge”, and “control

Answer 18

Authority

Question 19

The empowerment by formal job classification of an individual to make commitments and act on behalf of the organization

Answer 19

Authority

Question 20

types of roles and authority

Answer 20

line, staff, and functional autority

Question 21

Supervisory responsibility assigned through the formal delegation of authority

Answer 21

Line Authority

Question 22

Influence exerted through the control of support services, which provide recommendations to the line manager and set institution-wide policy

Answer 22

staff authority

Question 23

Given to specific staff personnel with expertise in a certain area

Answer 23

functional authority

Question 24

The temporary assignment
of authority and responsibility to perform a duty normally performed
by a supervisor

Answer 24

delegation of authority

Question 25

The grouping together of related activities to expedite the production process

Answer 25

departmentalization

Question 26

The process of assigning the decision-making process to those who are actually performing the work

Answer 26

Decentralization

Question 27

The process of ensuring that each individual reports to only one supervisor

Answer 27

Unity of Command

Question 28

A linear system of authority providing a direct vertical link form the board of directors to the lowest-level worker

Answer 28

Scalar Principle

Question 29

The theory that there is a definable limit to the number of people one person can effectively supervise

Answer 29

Span of Control

Question 30

The principle of referring for resolution by a supervisor only those things that cannot be solved by the employees at their own level

Answer 30

Exception Principle

Question 31

* Process involves analysis of the work that needs to be done * plan to break the job down into identifiable units that can be assigned to individual workers with specific skills

Answer 31

Job Design

Question 32

A written statement that designates the tasks, duties, working, conditions, and reporting relationships for a specific job

Answer 32

job description

Question 33

what to do when writing a job description

Answer 33

1. identification and headings 2. job specification 3. reporting relationships 4. duties 5. authority scale 6. performance and evaluation criteria 7. approval signatures

Question 34

A summary of the formal education, skills, and experience required to perform the duties of the job

Answer 34

job specification

Question 35

Assignment of individuals to responsible positions identified in a management plan

Answer 35

STAFFING

Question 36

Assigning an appropriate number of workers to the jobs during each day of work.

Answer 36

SCHEDULING

Question 37

Ensuring that the laboratory has the appropriate personnel

Answer 37

staffing

Question 38

Matching the people now working in the laboratory with current workload requirements

Answer 38

Scheduling

Question 39

5 days on and 2 days off

Answer 39

40-hours work week

Question 40

10 days on and 4 days off during a 2-week calendar period

Answer 40

8/80-hour work cycle

Question 41

list the different alternative work schedules

Answer 41

1. compressed work cycle 2. flexible working hours 3. job sharing 4. exempt and professional status 5. work-at-home programs 6. off-site testing 7. freelance employment

Question 42

Individual may work multishifts or extended time periods within a 40- hour calendar work

Answer 42

Compressed work cycle

Question 43

Employees are responsible for a set amount of work but are not allowed to establish their own hours around a core period

Answer 43

Flexible working hours

Question 44

Two individuals share the responsibilities and benefits of a position usually filled by one worker

Answer 44

Job sharing

Question 45

Employees are exempted by salary levels or professional classification from the overtime provision of wage and hour laws

Answer 45

Exempt and professional status

Question 46

Data entry, transcription, and information analysis

Answer 46

Work-at-home programs

Question 47

satellite laboratories, POCT

Answer 47

Off-site testing

Question 48

The three W’s

Answer 48

* What test should be done? * Where should these tests be performed? * When should these tests be performed?

Question 49

* Workload priority * Bulk or Bottleneck Management

Answer 49

Micromanagement of Work Flow

Question 50

what are the principles of organizational structure and authority

Answer 50

Departmentalization Decentralization Unity of Command Scalar Principle Span of Control Exception Principle

Question 51

the organizational struture is based on what

Answer 51

authority responsibility accountability