Module 5

Question 1

Phosphorylation

Answer 1

The transfer of energy when a phosphate group is moved between molecules

Question 2

Pigment

Answer 2

An organic compound giving a specific color to plant or animal cells

Question 3

Chlorophyll

Answer 3

A group of pigments (mostly composed of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b) found in algae, green plants, and cyanobacteria. It is necessary for photosynthesis, allowing for the absorption of energy from light.

Question 4

Stroma

Answer 4

Gel like fluid found inside the inner membrane of a chloroplast

Question 5

Thylakoid

Answer 5

Disk-shaped sac suspended in the stroma of chloroplasts. It is the site of the light reactions of photosynthesis

Question 6

Grana

Answer 6

Stacks of thylakoids

Question 7

Photosystem

Answer 7

A cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules in the thylakoid membrane that absorbs light energy

Question 8

Electron transport chain

Answer 8

A series of electron-carrying molecules within a membrane that transfer electrons and release energy at each transfer

Question 9

Aerobic

Answer 9

Requiring oxygen

Question 10

Anaerobic

Answer 10

Without oxygen

Question 11

Glycolysis

Answer 11

The first stage of cellular respiration where glucose is split in half.

Question 12

Glyco

Answer 12

means having to do with sugar, and -lysis means breakdown

Question 13

Krebs cycle

Answer 13

The stage of cellular respiration where carbon dioxide is used to complete the breakdown of pyruvic acid molecules, releasing energy

Question 14

Fermentation

Answer 14

A cellular process producing ATP without oxygen