Module 5 Flashcards
George Washington, c. 1850
Jane Stuart
Gilbert Stuart’s daughter, this is a copy of his original.
Gilbert Stuart
Artist of many George Washington portraits. His daughter made copies to support their family after his death.
Still Life with Watermelon and Peaches, 1828
Margaretta Angelica Peale
Peale art family.
Still-life painter.
Mrs. Charles Ridgley Carroll, c. 1822
Sarah Miriam Peale
Peale art family
Portraitist
Known for painting many prominent families in Baltimore.
Peale Family of Philadelphia
Family of artists in Philadelphia. Charles Wilson Peale, father of the first professional American still-life painter Rafaelle Peale. Charles’s brother, James who’s children are Margarette and Sarah Peale.
Companions, 1895
Still-life
Claude Raguet Hirst
Claudine, painted under Claude to hide her gender. Known for her intimate watercolor in 8 X 11 size
Masculine iconography - meerschaum pipe.
Milkweeds, 1861
Fidelia Bridges,
small scale watercolors of birds and flowers. Influenced by John Ruskin. Close focus on nature. Compared to Kate Greenway.
Painting of everyday life
Genre painting
Many women in the 19c. pursued
We Both Must Fade, 1869
Lilly Martin Spencer
Genre painter
Rose, and female subject on the issue of fading beauty.
The Young Husband: First Marketing, 1854
Lilly Martin Spencer
Genre scene.
Inspired by Mrs. Trollopes Domestic manners of Americans, on the unmannered Americans. Shows humor.
This Little Piggy Went to Market, 1857
Lilly Martin Spencer
Child and mother genre scene.
Love’s Young Dream, 1887
Jennie Brownscombe
Genre scene. She comes from rural Pennsylvania. known for romantic and human portrayals of early America, colonial revival. This shows autumn, aging, new love.
The New Scholar, 1878
Jennie Brownscombe
Likened to Winslow Homer.
An era that women contributed greatly to, is a boom in excellent book and magazine illustrations. it could be done at home. Stephens.
Golden Age of Illustration
The Woman in Business, Ladies Home Journal, 1897
Alice Barber Stephens
Illustrator during the Golden Age. Attended Philadelphia School of Design for Women. Contributed to many publications, the woman in business is 1 of 6 types of American Woman she wrote about.
Founded specifically for women, taught engraving and practical subjects for illustrations among other things. Stephens goes there. Beaux is the first female teacher.
Philadelphia School of Design for Women
Any piece of artwork painted or applied directly on a wall, ceiling, or other permanent surfaces.
Mural
International Unity and Understanding, 44’ wide mural
Violet Oakley
The centerpiece of her Senate Murals.
Harrisburg, Pennsilvania
On scaffolding in front of Unity Panel
Violet Oakley
Large scale.
She was the only female muralist of this time period.
Full view of Senate Chamber, Pennsylvania State Capitol in Harrisburg, after 1992 restoration
Photo showing Oakley’s Unity Panel.
This is where Violet Oakley painted 43 murals in 25 years.
Violet Oakley, Pennsylvania State Capitol, 1902-1927
She was given the largest mural commission. And was the second female teacher ever at the Philadephia Academy.
Violet Oakley
Bertha Hallowell Vaughan, 1901
Cecilia Beaux
Portrait of Boston society
Vaughan is spirited, conservative, traditional values, director of the daughters of the revolution.
She was a portraitist and the first woman teacher at the Philadelphia Academy. She paints the wife of Theodore Roosevelt.
Cecilia Beaux
He was an American author who spoke about the American women sculptors in Italy (Rome and Florence). dubbed the “White Marmorean Flock.
Henry James
Italia, 1843
Daniel Huntington (1816-1906), Allegorical painting speaking to the lure and romance of Rome and Florence, home to many expatriate female sculptors places for access to marble, skilled assistance, inexpensive living.
Rome, Florence
Home to many expatriate female sculptors.
The term refers to a group of expatriate women sculptors who worked in a classical style. Dubbed by Henry James.
White Marmorean Flock
The Marble Faun, 1860
Book by Nathaniel Hawthorne
Kenyon speaks to the freedom women artists had in Italy at the time.
Nathaniel Hawthorne, 1858
Sculpture
Louisa Lander
photograph of Harriet Hosmer, 1857
Mathew Brady
She was an American sculptor in Rome. Trained with Gibson. Studied anatomy at Missouri Medical School.
Harriet Hosmer
Clasped Hands of Elizabeth Barrett and Robert Browning, 1853 (Sculpture)
Harriet Hosmer
She knew Barrett and Browning, in Rome.
Daphne, 1853
Sculpture
Harriet Hosmer
Daphe resisted advances of Appolo, laurel bush.
Puck, 1855
Sculpture
Harriet Hosmer
Replicas made by assistants sold for $1K ea. Shakespeare’s character. Scallop Shell.
Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra, 1858
Sculpture
Harriet Hosmer
Inspired by the history of the decline and fall of the roman empire. Zenobia, in chains, is an image of strength, nobility, and beauty.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, 1871
Sculpture
Edmonia Lewis
Inspired by the poem.
From Native and African parents, Boston, she was also known for sculpting abolitionists.
Forever Free, 1867
Sculpture
Edmonia Lewis
African American man and woman released from chains. Later anglicized. Shows male dominant / Female subordinate.
Hiawatha
Poem
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow,,
The epic poem highlights the stories of the Ojibwe people of the Lake Superior region
Abraham Lincoln, 1870
Sculpture
Vinnie Ream Hoxie
Made of Carrara marble, 6’ 11”
Rotunda of the US Capitol.
She has already sculpted his bust.
She is the first female artist commissioned to create a work of art for the United States government (and also the first female to get a second commission).
Vinnie Ream Hoxie
Sculptor
Virginia Dare, 1859
Sculpture
Louisa Lander
Salem, MA sculptor in Rome
She modeled for Hawthorne’s The Marble Fawn.
This, ideal representation of first child to English parents in the colony of Virginia should she have lived to maturity.
Charles Sumner, 1875
Sculpture
Anne Whitney
This is a bronze cast of her 1875 model.
Sumner, MA senator canned for abolitionist views. His sculpture was commissioned for Boston public gardens, Whitney won but lost when they found she was female. This one at Harvard.
She was a popular subject for female artists, a French heroine. Depicted in works by Huntington and Coffin.
Joan of Arc.
Portrait of Anna Hyatt Huntington, 1915
Painting
Marion Boyd Allen
Showing Huntington sculpting her famous model of Joan of Arc.
Joan of Arc, 1915
Sculpture
Anna Hyatt Huntington
Monumental statue on Riverside Drive in NYC celebrating 500 years since her birth. First equestrian statue by a female in NYC, she was awarded a medal by the French ambassador.
Joan of Arc Saved France: Women of America Save Your Country, Buy War Savings Stamps, 1918
Haskell Coffin
WWI propaganda
Joan of Arc was a popular image during WWI.
This was home to a female space without men to showcase achievements in art, technology, teaching, and music and was designed by Sophia Hayden.
Women’s Building, World’s Columbian Exposition 1893
First woman graduate, MIT architecture school, 1890She designed the Women’s Building at the Worlds Columbian Exposition in 1983.
Sophia Hayden
Grand Basin and Court of Honor, World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893
An exhibition honoring the 400th anniversary of the discovery of America by Columbus. Chicago. Great White City. Spurs the American Renaissance.
Sophia Hayden, Women’s Building, World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893
Image of the exterior in black and white.
Plan, Women’s Building, World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893
Included two floors, a courtyard, international displays from many countries. Inventions and scientific accomplishments, US states, etc. Included offices for the board of the lady managers. Originally meant for headquarters, this became an exhibition.
Caricature of one of the lady managers and her husband walking along the Midway Plaisance in Chicago. World’s Columbian Exposition, 1893
The emasculation of the men married to the lady managers, who organized the building of the women’s exposition in the women’s building.
Art and Handicraft in the Woman’s Building, World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893
Catalog cover advert for the Women’s Building. Showing objects of women’s creativities and achievements.
Court of Honor, Women’s Building, World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893
Art exhibit, sculpture, and art in cases, murals at either end (one Mary Cassatt’s Modern Women)
Modern Woman, Mural, Women’s Building, World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893
Mary Cassatt
At one end of the Court of Honor. Depicting women’s emancipation in the present.
Her first mural commission. Orchard, fruits of knowledge, realist allegory, modern, fashionable, strong color.
A term used for a group of women sculptors who worked with Lorado Taft at the World’s Columbian Exposition in 1893.
White Rabbits
She was a cultural critic, and one of the first female American architectural critics, during the Gilded Age.
Mariana Griswold Schuyler van Rensselaer
Mariana Griswold Schuyler van Rensselaer, 1888
Sculpture
Augustus Saint-Gaudens,
Bronze relief, facing left, bust-length in profile, the contrast between face and clothes,
animvs non opvs “ the spirit not the work “
Margaret Carnegie Library, Mills College, Oakland, CA, 1905-1906
Julia Morgan
Architect, California
First major commision before the Hearst castle.
This is the 1st women’s colleges west of the Mississippi.
Sketch for the Berkeley Women’s City Club, 1929-30
Julia Morgan
Architect, California
Done before her work on Hearst Castle
Example of her work for women’s organizations. Important in women’s lives. Spanish revival style.
Hearst Castle, San Simeon, CA, 1919-1947
Julia Morgan
She worked on this commission of r 28 years.
Hearst Castle, San Simeon, CA, 1919-1947, aerial view of the site
Julia Morgan
She worked on this commission of r 28 years.
She is the first woman graduate in architecture, Ecole des Beaux-Arts, 1902
Julia Morgan
1902
She is a chief patron of the University of California, and patron of Julie Morgan.
Phoebe Apperson Hearst
She is a patron of Julie Morgan.
Susan Mills
He hires Julie Morgan to design his mansion in San Simeon, CA, a project that she works on for 28 years.
William Randolph Hearst
Son of Phoebe Apperson Hearst
This was the owner of a chain of hospitality industry businesses alongside railroads in the western United States. Commissioned Colter’s work at the Grand Canyon.
Fred Harvey Company.
Partnered with Fred Harvey Company with the goal of bringing tourists to the South West
Santa Fe Railway
Here is a showcase of Colter’s work.
The Grand Canyon National Park.
Mary Jane Colter’s major Grand Canyon buildings, Arizona
Commissioned by Fred Harvey Company.
Hopi House, Grand Canyon, Arizona, 1905
Mary Jane Colter
Hopi House, Grand Canyon, Arizona, 1905, interior
Mary Jane Colter
Allowed people to imagine how artifacts could look in their homes.
Desert View Watchtower, Grand Canyon, Arizona, 1931
Mary Jane Colter
a signature accomplishment
He was the muralist who painted inside Mary Jane Coulter’s Desert View Watchtower in the Grand Canyon, 1903.
Fred Kabotie
Rustic architectural style of Mary Jane Colter that enhances the experience of the natural surroundings.
Parkitecture
She was the second woman graduate, MIT architecture school, 1894. known for her prairie school delineation that helped make Frank Lloyd Wright famous.
Marion Mahony Griffin
This architectural style is usually marked by horizontal lines, flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves, integration with the landscape, and use of horizontal lines thought to evoke and relate to the wide, flat, treeless expanses of America’s native prairie landscape.
Prairie School
Used by Marion Mahony Griffin.
Marion Mahony Griffin and her husband both worked for him, a famous architect who never recognized her for her contributions to his career.
Frank Lloyd Wright
Watercolor competition design for a suburban garden, 1910
Beatrix Farrand
Landscape architect
She was the only f. founder of the American Society of Landscape Architecture. This is an example of her residential work.
Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC, 1921-1947, rose garden
Beatrix Farrand,
Formal garden for the woods-bliss family, georgetown neighborhood, DC, 53 acres now owned by Harvard.
A form of journalism which tells a news story through powerful photography which traditionally are black and white images.
Photojournalism
Historically black college founded by Armstrong taught practical skills and was documented by photojournalist Frances Benjamin Johnston.
Hampton Institute
Self-Portrait as a Rebellious Victorian Woman, 1896
photo
Frances Benjamin Johnston
For her private collection, unladylike. She was a very successful photojournalist, portraitist, and the first press photographer.
Advertisement: Miss Frances Benjamin Johnston, Photographic Illustration
For the business of Frances Benjamin Johnston.
Her studio was in WADC.
Students Repairing a Staircase, Hampton Institute, 1899
photo
Frances Benjamin Johnston
Soft focus style, popular at the turn of the century this approach to photography emphasizes the beauty of subject matter, tonality, and composition rather than the documentation of reality
Pictorialism
Group promoting photography as fine art and photographic pictorialism in particular founded by Stieglitz.
Photo-Secession.
Where Photo-Secession held their shows.
Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession (291)
Artistic movement that emphasizes idyllic domesticity.
Arts and Crafts movement
Portrait of Gertrude Käsebier with her large camera, 1912
Gertrude Käsebier
a founding member of Photo-Secession. Friend of JOhnston. Known for mother and daughter imagery. Pictorialism.
Zitkala-Sa, 1898
Gertrude Käsebier
Zitkala-Sa is a Sioux member of the Buffalo Bill Wild West Show, a musician, and activist, Käsebier’s most famous subjects.
Blessed Art Thou Among Women, 1899
Gertrude Käsebier
Shows a woman and her daughter. Biblical title and print of annunciation, reminiscent of the Arts & Crafts idyllic domesticity. Soft focus, pictorialist style. Shown at the 291 gallery.
The Cleft of the Rock, 1912
photo
Anne Brigman
Founding member of Photo-Secession. San Fran. Known for female nudes in natural settings, seen here.
The Darned Club, 1891
Alice Austen
Staton Island,
Clear Comfort house is a museum of her work. Darned Club, women only.
Hester Street, Egg Stand, 1895
Alice Austen
Lower East Side
Immigrant life, a changing New York.
In a sketch, this ceramics studio, founded by Maria Longworth Nichols is shown.
Rookwood Pottery, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1880
At this exhibition, Rockwood was displayed, showing the range and grand production levels.
Rookwood display, Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Missouri, 1904
Aladdin Vase, c. 1880-84
Maria Longworth Nichols
Example of the inventive design and glazing technique of Rookwood Pottery which made them famous.
Adelaide Alsop Robineau at work on the Scarab Vase, 1910 (photo)
Photo of Adelaide Alsop Robineau working on her famed Scarab Vase. 1,000 hours, made of porcelain.
Scarab Vase, 1910
Adelaide Alsop Robineau
Porcelain means the nature of toil, scarab beetle signifies the cycle of day and night, Egyptian icon. Won grand prize at the Turin INternational Exhibition.
First and oldest art school in the United States.
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
Teacher at Penn Academy of Fine Arts, a graduate of Ecole des Beaux-Arts, he championed for women to be admitted into Life Class.
Thomas Eakins
Female Life Class, 1879
Illustration
Alice Barber Stephens,
References art schools of Philadelphia, women in Life Classes, Susan MacDowell Eakins is shown at the easel.
Thomas Eakins and a Female Student Nude, 1885
Unconventional relationships, shown in this photo, was a contributing factor to his removal at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
Portrait of a Woman, c. 1880
Susan MacDowell Eakins
Studied at the academy, class secretary,
Mary Smith Prize.
Portrait of Thomas Eakins, c. 1920-5
Susan MacDowell Eakins
Married to Thomas Eakins. Painted after his death.
Main lady manager for the execution of the women’s exhibition in the Women’s Building at the World’s Columbus Exhibition in Chicago.
Bertha Plamer
