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PCP Pharm 💜💊 > Module 4.1 + 4.2 > Flashcards

Module 4.1 + 4.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Strongest diuretic

A

Loop

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2
Q

What is the main goal of diuretics?

A

Diverse the body get rid of extra fluid
diuretics think dry inside

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3
Q

Uses for diuretics

A

Heart failure ( because the fluid is backing up)
Edema caused by heart failure
Hypertension cause by heart failure
Chronic kidney disease ( no where to excrete fluid also doesn’t take out extra potassium)

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4
Q

What do loop medication’s end in

A

Mide or nide
Lacks flourmide

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5
Q

Loop meditations inhibit the reabsorption of what

A

Sodium and chloride na + cl-
(Sodium goes we’re water flows )
Taking out extra sodium will get rid of water

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6
Q

Loop causes what to be excreted

A

Potassium
K

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7
Q

Main side effect of Loop medication’s

A

Hypokalaemia ( not enough potassium)
Because it’s potassium wasting medication

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8
Q

Where does loop diuretics take place in the kidneys

A

The loop of Henle
Ascending limbs

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9
Q

Loop diuretic drug effects ( everything goes?)

A

Down
Decrease fluid volume
Decrease blood pressure
Decrease, pulmonary, vascular resistance
Decrease, systemic, vascular resistance
Decreased central, venous pressure
Decreased left ventricle an end, diastolic pressure
(Aka lower pressure on blood vessels and lower blood pressure )

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10
Q

Thiazide ends in

A

Thiazide
Hydrochloride

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11
Q

Thiazide inhibits tubular reabsptrion of

A

Na
Cl
K

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12
Q

What 3 things are excreted plus water at a lower amount with Thiazide

A

NA
H2O
Cl
K ( lesser)

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13
Q

Potassium, sparing, diuretics hold onto what

A

Potassium

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14
Q

Name for potassium sparing diuretic

A

Spironolactone
S for sparing

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15
Q

Potassium sparing blocks what

A

Aldosterone

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16
Q

What does aldostrone do?

A

Retain salt or sodium and H2O
And potassium sparing hormones, excrete this
But not (((((potassium )))))

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17
Q

Monitor, potassium, sparing, diuretics for

A

Hyperkalaemia
Too much potassium

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18
Q

Foods high in potassium

A

Bananas
Oranges
Dates
Raisins
Plums
Vegetable
Potato
Meat and fish

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19
Q

Who should eat potassium, rich foods?

A

Everyone taking diuretics, except case k agents

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20
Q

What to osmotic diuretics do

A

Increases the thickness of filtration in the kidneys, so water can’t be reabsorbed into the bloodstream
Pause fluid into the two bills and inhibits water solution reabsorption

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21
Q

Most common ostmotic diarrhetic

A

Mannitol

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22
Q

Osmotic does what oedema and what to urine

A

Decreases edema while increasing urine

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23
Q

Osmotic must be infused by

A

A iv

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24
Q

Osmotic decrease pressure where

A

In the eyes and brain
There used to treat cerebral oedema
And intraocular pressure

25
Q

Take diuretics when

A

In the morning, you don’t wanna pee all night

26
Q

Why eat a low sodium diet

A

Because sodium swells

27
Q

Carbonic anhydrase main drug

A

Acetazolamide

28
Q

Is carbonic anhydrase less or more potent than thiazides or loops

A

Less

29
Q

Carbonic anhydrase uses

A

Oedema secondary to heart failure
High altitude sickness
Epilepsy
Adjacent, drug and long-term management glaucomas in secondary
And open angle form
Used with my orthotics to lower intercellular pressure before ocular surgery in certain cases

30
Q

Carbonic anhydrous, inhibitors prevent the exchange of

A

Hydrogen ions with sodium ions and H2O
Therefore, sodium and water excreted in urine

31
Q

Hypo and hyperkaemia

A

Too much and too little potassium

32
Q

Hypo and hypernitremia

A

Too much or too little sodium

33
Q

Most abundant charged electros outside of the cell

A

Sodium

34
Q

Sodium is responsible for

A

Control of water

35
Q

Death usually occurs in cells win how much TBW is lost

A

20 to 25%

36
Q

Most abundant charged Electra site inside the cell

A

Potassium 95%

37
Q

Natural protein synthesis is produced in the

A

Liver

38
Q

Only class of fluids that can carry oxygen

A

Blood products

39
Q

Blood products must be administered with what kind of saline

A

Normal saline

40
Q

What regulates potassium levels

A

Kidneys

41
Q

Isotonic

A

Normal osmotic pressure to normal body fluid

42
Q

Hypotonic

A

Low osmotic pressure to normal body fluid
Pulls into the cell

43
Q

Hypertonic solution

A

HiGh osmotic pressure to normal body fluid
Pulls out of the cell

44
Q

Crystalloids can’t carry what

A

Can’t carry oxygen
Best choice for body fluid replacement
Dissolves crystals

45
Q

Examples of colloids

A

Albumin
Red blood cells
Plasma

46
Q

Examples of crystalloids

A

Hypertonic solutions
Hypotonic solutions
Isotonic solutions

47
Q

What are colloids used for?

A

Acute blood loss

48
Q

What are crystalloids used for?

A

Fluid volume shifts

49
Q

Collids versus crystalloids ratio

A

Collid is one to one
Crystalloid is 3 to 1

50
Q

What regulates sodium levels

A

Kidneys

51
Q

Which of the following respiratory effects would be anticipated with a patient who has been given fentanyl *

A

Decrease the rate and depth of a breath

52
Q

Drugs work by forming a chemical bond with specific receptors, which of the following statement best describes that are narcotic agonist has a receptor site *

A

The narcotic agonist binds to receptors site and causes a response

53
Q

What do you do first in an overdose? *

A

give Narcan, even though in the note that says give their put on test, it says give Narcan

54
Q

major electrolyte an extracellur fluid

A

Sodium

55
Q

Patients who are receiving tiazide and thiazide diuretics should be directed to watch with sitting down or laying down

A

Rice slowly, after sitting, or laying to prevent possible fainting

56
Q

Patients who are receiving tiazide and thiazide diuretics should be directed to watch with sitting down or laying down

A

Rice slowly, after sitting, or laying to prevent possible fainting

57
Q

Collids have what kind of pressure

A

Oncotic pressure

58
Q

A patient receiving I will be fluid and electrolyte therapy should be monitored for what through lab results

A

Potassium

PCP Pharm 💜💊 (6 decks)

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