Module 4 - Proteins

Question 1

The central atom

Answer 1

Carbon

Question 2

Carbon can be in a form of a

Answer 2

Ring or a chain

Question 3

Carbon has how many valence electrons

Answer 3

4 valence electrons

Question 4

Carbons are highly stable T OR F

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Main element used in biomolecules

Answer 5

Carbon

Question 6

Single chemical unit that creates polymers

Answer 6

Monomers

Question 7

Creation of polymers in via

Answer 7

Dehydration synthesis

Question 8

Biomolecule units that can be broken down into monomers

Answer 8

Polymers

Question 9

Bread down into monomers is via

Answer 9

Hydrolysis

Question 10

A biochemical process forms a larger molecule by

Answer 10

removal of water

Question 11

Removal of a water molecule

Answer 11

Dehydration reaction

Question 12

Dehydration reaction forms a

Answer 12

Larger molecule

Question 13

The reverse process of dehydration reaction

Answer 13

Hydrolysis reaction

Question 14

The break down of larger molecule to smaller molecule is by

Answer 14

Adding a water molecule

Question 15

Hydrolysis is essential for

Answer 15

1. Digestion
2. Metabolism
3. Nutrient absorption

Question 16

Found and used by all living

Answer 16

Biomolecules

Question 17

4 classifications of biomolecules

Answer 17

1. Proteins
2. Carbohydrates
3. Nucleic Acid
4. Lipids

Question 18

How can we say that a molecule is organic

Answer 18

Includes a carbon atom

Question 19

Most abundant macromolecule

Answer 19

Protein

Question 20

Building block of proteins

Answer 20

Amino acids

Question 21

Protein structure of an amino acid

Answer 21

central carbon atom bonded to an amino group (NH₂), a carboxyl group (COOH), a hydrogen atom (H), and a side chain (R group)

Question 22

Guves an amino acid its unique property

Answer 22

R GROUP

Question 23

Links the amino acids together to form protein

Answer 23

Peptide bond

Question 24

Where is peptide bond formed

Answer 24

between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid.

Question 25

Linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide chain

Answer 25

Primary structure

Question 26

Folding patterns of a polypeptide chain such as alpha helix and beta sheet

Answer 26

Secondary structure

Question 27

Overall 3D shape of a protein determined by interactions between amino acid side chains

Answer 27

Tertiary structure

Question 28

Arrangement of multiple polypeptide chains in a protein complex

Answer 28

Quaternary structure

Question 29

What are the intermolecular forces used in stabilizing protein structures

Answer 29

1. Hydrogen bonds 2. Ionic or salt bridges 3. Van der Waals forces 4. Disulfide bonds

Question 30

What does hydrogen bond stabilize

Answer 30

Secondary structures like alpha helices and beta sheets

Question 31

What happens through ionic interactions in stabilizing protein structure

Answer 31

Charged amino acid side chains can interact with each other

Question 32

What does Van der Waals forces stabilize

Answer 32

Tertiary and quaternary structures of protein

Question 33

Disulfide bonds can form between

Answer 33

Sulfur atoms of two cysteine residues

Question 34

Function of protein: catalyze chemical reactions to sped up

Answer 34

enzyme or catalsts

Question 35

Function of protein: muscle movement like actin or myosin

Answer 35

Motion

Question 36

Function of protein: protect the body from pathogens

Answer 36

Defense

Question 37

Function of protein: regulate gene expression and cellular process

Answer 37

Regulation

Question 38

Function of protein: transport molecules across cell membranes

Answer 38

Transport

Question 39

Function of protein: provide structural support to tissues

Answer 39

Support

Question 40

Function of protein: store nutrients and amino acids

Answer 40

Storage