Module 4 L3-4

Question 1

Vasodilation

Answer 1

diameter increases, fluid velocity decreases

Question 2

Inflammation purpose

Answer 2

eliminate infection and repair damage

Question 3

Local signs of acute inflammation

Answer 3

Heat, redness, swelling, pain, loss of function

Question 4

Two major components of inflammation that contribute to acute inflammation

Answer 4

Vascular changes, cellular events

Question 5

Vascular changes

Answer 5

vasodilation, increased viscosity, margination

Question 6

Vasodilation

Answer 6

diameter increases , fluid velocity decreases

Question 7

Increased viscosity

Answer 7

thickness from fluit loss

Question 8

Vasodilation and increased viscosity lead to

Answer 8

margination

Question 9

Margination

Answer 9

leukocyte sitting along inner surface of blood vessels due to slowing of blood dlow

Question 10

Increased vascular permeability

Answer 10

transcytosis

Question 11

Transycosis

Answer 11

Increased fluid flow through endothelial cells

Question 12

Effects of vascular changes

Answer 12

Release transudate -small holes
Release exudate - mid holes
Results in edema

Question 13

White blood cell migration

Answer 13

Margination, rolling, adhesion, phagocytosis

Question 14

Mediates adhesion

Answer 14

sialyl lewis X

Question 15

Opsonin

Answer 15

host proteins that cost microbes and target them for opsonization by lysosomal phagolysosome

Question 16

Mediates firm adhesion

Answer 16

Integrins, ICAM-1intercellular, VCAM-1 vascular

Question 17

Chemoattractant gradient consists of

Answer 17

Bacterial peptides, complement system components, cytokines, chemokines, leukotrienes

Question 18

Most important opsonins

Answer 18

IgG, C3 breakdown products and plasma binding products called collectins bind to microbial cell wall sugar groups

Question 19

Defensins

Answer 19

proteins that form holes in bacterial membranes

Question 20

Nitric oxide purpose

Answer 20

vascular smooth muscle relaxation

Question 21

Cytokines TNF and IL1 purpose

Answer 21

Local endothelial activation

Question 22

Nitroc oxide and ROS purpose

Answer 22

Killing of microbes

Question 23

Arachidonic acid becomes

Answer 23

cycloxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, 12-lipoxygenase

Question 24

Cox 1/2 inhibitors

Answer 24

Aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen

Question 25

cox 2 inhibitors

Answer 25

celebrex and vioxx

Question 26

singulair is a

Answer 26

leukotriene receptor antagonist - reduces airway restriction and airway edema

Question 27

TNF/IL-1 major effects

Answer 27

Endothelial, Fibroblast, Systemic, Leukocyte

Question 28

Outcomes of acute inflammation

Answer 28

Resolution, Chronic inflammation, fibrosis

Question 29

Fibrosis

Answer 29

loss of funtion

Question 30

Chronic inflammation

Answer 30

long time of active inflammation (weeks to years)

Question 31

Chronic inflammation distinguished by

Answer 31

Macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells

Question 32

Acute inflammation distinguished by

Answer 32

neurophilic infiltrate