Module 4 - Hazard and Risk Assessment + Allocation of Protection Layers Flashcards
What is the purpose of a hazard and risk assessment?
To identify and document the hazardous events and determine the risk reduction required
What are the three key phases of a hazard and risk assessment process?
Hazard analysis, risk analysis, risk assessment
What are two techniques to perform hazard analysis?
HAZOP and FMEA
What is the goal of a HAZOP?
To identify potential causes of process upsets that could lead to safety or availability consequences
Who should be involved in a HAZOP?
HAZOP leader, scribe, discipline engineers, project engineer, process designer
What is the sequence to perform a HAZOP?
- Select a P&I
- Select a node
- Apply guide word to process parameter
- Repeat for all nodes
How can risk be quantified?
It is the product of likelihood and consequence
Who is the risk owner for a SIS and what basis is used to accept that risk?
The owner organisation is responsible for accepting the risk. The acceptance is based on moral, financial, and legal concerns.
Why do we take risks?
Do obtain a benefit
What is ALARP?
ALARP, As low As Reasonably Practicable, defines a risk tolerance zone in which further risk reduction is sought until it is no longer practical to implement or its cost would be disproportionate to the benefit gained.
How is ALARP different to SFAIRP?
SFAIRP is precaution based whilst ALARP is hazard based
How is prevention different to mitigation?
Prevention is a proactive measure to prevent a consequence. Mitigation is a reactive measure to minimise the harm of a consequence.
How is prevention different to mitigation?
Prevention is a proactive measure to prevent a consequence. Mitigation is a reactive measure to minimise the harm of a consequence.
How is a SIF different to a PF?
A SIF is a PF with a SIL
What are common sources of SIFs?
- PFs from a HAZOP report
- Designer identification
- Existing SIFs within a facility
