Module 4 Exam

Question 1

Cholestyramine – proper way to take/administer

Answer 1

Bile acid sequestrant
Lowers high cholesterol levels in blood
Should be mixed with water or other noncarbonated fluids

Question 2

Atorvastatin – EtOH? Ok or not? Why?

Answer 2

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
Lowers cholesterol, can cause muscle pain
Drinking alcohol with atorvastatin will damage liver and increase AST/ALT

Question 3

Niacin prescribed with a bile acid sequestrant, spacing?

Answer 3

Vitamin B3
Don’t give at same time as bile acid sequestrant; take 4-6 hours after

Question 4

Heparin and coumadin antidotes

Answer 4

Heparin: Protamine sulfate
Coumadin (Warfarin): vitamin K

Question 5

Aspirin and warfarin take together – possible result

Answer 5

bleeding

Question 6

Anticoagulants – ok to use razor?

Answer 6

no, use an electric razor

Question 7

Pt on warfarin has blood in urine. Assess which lab results?

Answer 7

PT, INR

Question 8

Aminocaproic Acid – use?

Answer 8

STOPS bleeding

Question 9

Diabetic neuropathy – anemia, why?

Answer 9

Decreased erythropoietin production in kidneys

Question 10

Thiazide diuretic – mechanism of action?

Answer 10

Blocks chloride pump = lost Na

Question 11

Electrolyte levels – furosemide

Answer 11

Watch for hypokalemia (K)

Question 12

Hypokalemia – thiazides

Answer 12

Not as common as furosemide (loop diuretic)

Question 13

HCTZ and diabetes. More or less insulin required?

Answer 13

HCTZ = hydrochlorothiazide (thiazide diuretic)
More insulin because it increases BS

Question 14

Furosemide plus certain antibiotics can cause?

Answer 14

ototoxicity
-cins

Question 15

Furosemide plus NSAID? Concern or no?

Answer 15

NSAID decrease effect of furosemide

Question 16

Catheters and UTIs

Answer 16

CAUTI

Question 17

Finasteride and pregnant females

Answer 17

Used to treat BPH (5-alpha reductase inhibitor)

Can cause abortions/ use with caution

Question 18

Phenazopyridine

Answer 18

Urinary tract analgesic
Anesthetic for GU, turns urine orange

Question 19

Older adults, UTIs, and recommendations to minimize

Answer 19

fluids
wipe front to back

Question 20

Urine culture and sensitivity results tell us what?

Answer 20

to know what drug to give

Question 21

Alpha1 adrenergic blockers and BPH

Answer 21

Terazosin and doxazosin (examples)
Relaxes BPH, better urine stream

Question 22

Treatment for BPH

Answer 22

5-alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride)
Alpha1 adrenergic blockers (terazosin, doxazosin)

Question 23

COPD, theophylline, smoking

Answer 23

Don’t smoke on theophylline
Theophylline treats COPD
Theophylline is a beta-2 agonist (bronchodilator)

Question 24

Acute asthma, epinephrine, mechanism of action

Answer 24

Epi relaxes the lungs and causes vasoconstriction

Question 25

Sympathomimetic drug, exercise-induced asthma, timing

Answer 25

Take 15-30 minutes before exercise

Question 26

Premature newborn, surfactant

Answer 26

keeps alveoli open

Question 27

Mast cell stabilizer, _________ is the only mast cell stabilizer used in the treatment of asthma.

Answer 27

Cromolyn

Question 28

COPD and ipratropium

Answer 28

treats COPD
anticholinergic

Question 29

Sit in ______ position when inhaling nebulized medications

Answer 29

Fowler

Question 30

Drug treatment of asthma and COPD aims to:

Answer 30

Relieve inflammation and promote bronchial dilation

Question 31

Adrenergic agents stimulate ___________ receptors in the heart as well as ___________ in the lungs… effect on HR?

Answer 31

Beta1-adrenergic; beta2-adrenergic
Increased HR/tachycardia

Question 32

__________ may be injected subcutaneously in an acute attack of bronchoconstriction.

Answer 32

epinephrine via EpiPen

Question 33

________ inhalers should be shaken well, immediately before each use.

Answer 33

albuterol

Question 34

Inhaled __________ should not be used on an emergency basis.

Answer 34

Corticosteroids

Question 35

Adverse effects associated with the use of inhaled steroids?

Answer 35

irritation, dryness, redness

Question 36

Persistent cough for 2 weeks – recommendation?

Answer 36

go to HCP

Question 37

Parents need to be educated to read the labels of:

Answer 37

any OTC preparation they give their children

Question 38

Guaifenesin

Answer 38

Mucinex
decreases secretions - helps cough them up

Question 39

Nasal steroids require about _ weeks to reach their full clinical effect.

Answer 39

2

Question 40

Loratadine – use?

Answer 40

Antihistamine
Allergies, decongestant, take in morning

Question 41

Antitussive with codeine, precautions

Answer 41

addiction
don’t drive while taking

Question 42

Sympathomimetics such as ____________ cause increased heart rate and blood pressure.

Answer 42

pseudoephedrine

Question 43

An adverse effect that accompanies frequent or prolonged use of topical nasal decongestants is? Implications for use?

Answer 43

rebound congestion
don’t use for very long

Question 44

Cough medicines and MAOIs such as phenelzine?

Answer 44

Phenelzine – Nardil
Can lead to hypertensive crisis

Question 45

Acetylcysteine – uses?

Answer 45

Mucolytic agent
Used for Tylenol overdose/break up mucus

Question 46

Antihistamines – anticholinergics?

Answer 46

Dries people out

Worry about giving to elderly and BPH

Question 47

Antitussives are drugs that:

Answer 47

suppress cough reflex

Question 48

Nasal steroids are used for

Answer 48

chronic allergic rhinitis

Question 49

Diphenhydramine – conditions used for?

Answer 49

Antihistamine
Used for itching, sleep, and conjunction with other things (for cough and cold symptoms)