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SNUG105 Person and Family Centred Care > Module 4 - Childhood > Flashcards

Module 4 - Childhood Flashcards

1
Q

What is defined as early childhood?

A

3-5 years old

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2
Q

Describe development at 3 years old?

A
  • fine motor skills
  • bowel and bladder control
  • group play
  • understands taking turns
  • fixed gender identity
  • recognise and name 3 objects and colours
  • vocabulary of 900 words
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3
Q

Describe development at 4 years old?

A
  • grooms self
  • hops on one foot
  • imitates adults role
  • nightmares and monster fears
  • time of imaginary friends
  • Identifies body parts “heads, shoulders, knees and toes”
  • Can tell stories
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4
Q

Describe development at 5 years old?

A
  • Partially dresses self
  • Has complete sphincter control
  • Conformity with peers is important
  • Develops romantic feelings for others
  • Meanings of words
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5
Q

What age defined as middle childhood?

A

6-11 years

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6
Q

Describe development in middle childhood?

A
  • Write letters
  • Tie their shoes
  • Self-identity
  • Competency through comparison to others
  • Knowing right and wrong
  • Communicates socially no longer egocentrically
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7
Q

What is developed in Middle childhood?

A
  • academic and physical development
  • time comparison
  • improved co-oridination
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8
Q

What is the normal weight for a 4 year old?

A

16kgs

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9
Q

What is the normal HR for a 4 year old?

A

80-130

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10
Q

What is the normal weight for a 6 year old?

A

20kgs

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11
Q

What is the normal weight for a 8 year old?

A

26kg

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12
Q

What is the normal weight for a 10 year old?

A

32kg

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13
Q

What is stage two of the Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development ?

A

Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

Children are learning to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills > toilet training.

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14
Q

What is the age range for Erikson stage 2?

A

Early childhood 2-3 year olds

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15
Q

What is stage three of the Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development?

A

Initiative vs guilt.

Children begin to assert control over their environment.

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16
Q

What is the age range for Erikson stage 3?

A

PrE-cchool 3 - 5 years olds

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17
Q

What is stage four of the Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development

A

Industry vs Inferiority.

Children begin to cope with new social, sporting and academic demands

18
Q

What is the age range for Erikson stage 4?

A

Middle school - 6 to 11 years

19
Q

How is growth measured in childhood?

A

Growth charts - percentiles.

20
Q

What is measured when looking at a childs growth?

A
  • Height,
  • Weight
  • head circumfrence
21
Q

What does it mean if a childs measurements are off the curve?

A

Can indicate underlying issues which warrant further investigation.

22
Q

What is the formula to calculate weight of a child in resus situations??

A

Weight (kgs) is equal to age plus 4 ,times 2.

23
Q

TRUE OR FALSE.

Parents are the expert in knowing their child?

A

TRUE.

24
Q

What is the CPR ratio for children?

A

15:2

25
Q

What are the core concepts of patient and family-centred care?

A
  • diginity and respect
  • information sharing
  • participation
  • collaboration
26
Q

What is one of the most common causes for presentation to ED and admisiion to hospital for children?

A

Asthma.

27
Q

What are the three different patterns of asthma?

A
  • infrequent intermittent asthma
  • frequent intermittent asthma
  • persistant asthma
28
Q

What is the more common pattern of asthma?

A

Infrequent intermittent asthma. Episodes are more than 6 weeks apart.

29
Q

What is the most common trigger for infrequent intermittent asthma?

A

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI).

30
Q

Asthma episodes that occur less than 6 weeks apart is called?

A

Frequent intermittent asthma

31
Q

What signs of deterioration should be watched for when a child presents with asthma?

A
  • increased work of breathing
  • increased resp rate
  • worsening tachycardia or bradycardio
  • increasing fatigue
  • irritability agitation or behavioural difficulties
  • changes in speech and activity levels
  • decreased interation with parents
  • decreased protest.
32
Q

What is a Asthma Action Plan?

A

An asthma action plan (or management plan) is a written plan that you create with your child’s doctor to help control your child’s asthma. The goal of an asthma action plan is to reduce or prevent flare-ups and emergency department visits.

33
Q

When using a defibrillator on a child the shock should be how many joules?

A

4 joules/kg.

34
Q

The Child Protection ACT 1999 madates that doctors and nurses must what?

A

Mandatory report if they suspect cases of child has suffered, is suffereing or at risk of suffering abuse to government authorities.

35
Q

List 4 parenting styles.

A
  1. Authoritarian
  2. Authoritative
  3. Permissive
  4. Uninvolved
36
Q

Describe Authoritarian Parenting .

A

Parenting style that is characterised by high demands and low responsiveness. High expectations with little feedback. Mistakes are punished harshly and any feedback is often negative.

37
Q

Describe Authoritative Parenting.

A

Authoritative parents have rules and they use consequences, but they also take their children’s opinions into account. They validate their children’s feelings, while also making it clear that the adults are ultimately in charge.

Authoritative parents invest time and energy into preventing behavior problems before they start. They also use positive discipline strategies to reinforce good behavior, like praise and reward systems.

38
Q

Describe Permissive Parenting.

A

Permissive parents are lenient -only step in when there’s a serious problem.

Forgiving and adopt an attitude of “kids will be kids.” When they do use consequences, they may not make those consequences stick.

Permissive parents usually take on more of a friend role than a parent role.

39
Q

Describe Uninvolved Parenting?

A

Uninvolved parents tend to have little knowledge of what their children are doing.

There tend to be few rules. Children may not receive much guidance, nurturing, and parental attention.

40
Q

Ellie is a 6-year-old girl who has been sent into the Emergency Department from her school following a fainting episode. On assessment, you note that is 13.1 kg, has low personal hygiene and is underdressed given the temperature of the day. What type of abuse could be suspected?

A

Neglect.

41
Q

Jason and Michelle are pregnant with their first baby, they are discussing what types of parents they’d like to be. Jason describes the importance of strict rules, discipline and the child knowing their place – below the parent in terms of decision making. What type of parenting style is Jason describing?

A

Authoritarian

SNUG105 Person and Family Centred Care (11 decks)

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