Module 2 - Pregnancy and Neonatal - Part 2 Flashcards
Neonatal Health
NEWBORN PAEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT
What is the paediatrician looking at when assessing general appearance of a newborn?
Skin colour, integrity, perfusion
State of alertness
Activity, range of spontaneous movement
Posture, muscle tone
NEWBORN PAEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT
When a assessing the head, face and neck what is the doctor looking at?
Head shape, size, lesions.
Scalp, fontanelles (anterior and posterior), sutures
Eye size, position structure
Nose, position, structure
Ear position, structure (tags or pits)
Mouth, palate, teeth, gums, tongue, frenulum
Jaw size
NEWBORN PAEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT
Shoulders, arms, hands. What is the doctor looking at?
Length, proportions, symmetry.
Structure, number of digits
NEWBORN PAEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT
Chest. What is the doctor assessing?
Size, shape, symmetry, movement
Breast tissue, nipples
Heart sounds (mumur), rate, pulse
Lung sounds, resp rate
Skin, Rashes.
NEWBORN PAEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT
Spine. When looking at the spine, what is the paediatrican looking for?
Shape. Is it straight?
Dimples or a tuft of hair can indicate problems with the spinal cord.
NEWBORN PAEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT.
Abdomen.
What is being assessed?
- Intestines - bowels sounds.
- Liver- Enlargement
- Any large hard masses.
NEWBORN PAEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT.
Hips & genitals. What is being assessed?
- Hips - Are they stable?
- Hips - No dislocation
Do the genitals look normal for the sex of the baby?
Name at least 5 newborn reflexes.
- Rooting
- Suck
- Moro (Startle)
- Stepping Reflex
- Grasp
- Swallowing
Whast is milia?
Newborn rash. Small white spots on the face and nose.
Caused by blocked pores.
Not contagious.
What is cradle cap?
Common skin condition for babies less than 3 months old.
Appears as thick waxy yellow crusts on the scalp.
Form of dermatitis that causing inflammation of the oil glands.
What is nappy rash?
- Red or inflamed skin in the nappy area
• Caused from skin irritation due to contact with urine, faeces, soaps or creams.
What is Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum?
A common condition affecting as many as half of all full term newborn infants. Most prominent on day 2, although onset can be as late as two weeks of age. Often begins on the face and spreads to affect the trunk and limbs.
Erythema Toxicum is evident as various combinations of erythematous macules (flat red patches), papules (small bumps) and pustules.
What is a urinalysis?
A urinalysis is a test of your urine. A urinalysis is used to detect and manage a wide range of disorders, such as urinary tract infections, kidney disease and diabetes. A urinalysis involves checking the appearance, concentration and content of urine.
What is the normal range for blood glucose levels?
4.0 -7.8mmol/L
What are blood glucose levels measured in?
Millimoles per litre of blood (mmol/L).
For Type 1 diabetes, what is the target blood glucose level?
4-8mmol/L before meals
< 10mmol/L two hours after starting meals
For type 2 diabtetes, what is the target blood glucose level?
6-8mmol/L before meals
6-10mmol/L two hours after starting meals/.
When are diabetics at risk of hypoglycaemia?
Whe blood glucose levels are less than 4mmol/L.
What equipment is required when performing a urinalysis?
- Urine sample
- Urinalysis strips
- Non-sterile gloves
- Apron
- Tissues
- Watch/clock
What are some basic checks to complete before a urinalysis?
- Check patient details
- Check correct patient sample
- Is the urine recently passed?
- Check exipry date of strips
- Check what medication the patient is taking.
What does APGAR stand for?
A - Appearance
P - Pulse
G - Grimace
A - Activity
R - Respirations
What is the APGAR Score?
The Apgar score is a test given to newborns soon after birth.
This test checks a baby’s heart rate, muscle tone, and other signs to see if extra medical care or emergency care is needed.
When is a APGAR test completed?
1 and 5 minutes after birth.
Emmy is five days old, her birth weight was 3000g, how much weight loss is considered normal for this baby?
300g
Melody is a healthy newborn baby who has white dots on her nose. What is the medical term for these white dots?
Milia.
Tanya is 12 weeks pregnant, what is the best time for her have the foetal morphology ultra sound?
18 - 20 Weeks
What is Domestic Violence Routine Screening Program?
The Domestic Violence Routine Screening Program is an early identification and intervention strategy to promote awareness of the health impact of domestic violence, ask questions about patients’ safety in relationships and the safety of their children, and to provide information on relevant health services for victims.
How many questions are there in the Domestic Violence Screening Tool (abbreviated)?
4
When should DV screening be performed?
- all women attending antenatal services
- all women attending child and family health services
- women aged 16 years and over who attend mental health services
- women aged 16 and over who attend alcohol and other drugs services.
