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Hematology Module 2 > module 4 CBC and INtro Anemia > Flashcards

module 4 CBC and INtro Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

Normal RBC volume

A

80-100 fL

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2
Q

Acanthocyte

A

spur cell. irregular thorn like spikes. no central pallor. Cholesgerol preferentially trapped in outer leaflet.

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3
Q

codocytes

A

target cells. thin bell shaed increased surface area to volume.

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4
Q

Dacrocytes

A

teardrops. Round cell with a single elongated or pointed extremity; may be microcytic and/or hypochromic

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 166). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

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5
Q

Drepanocyte

A

Round cell with a single elongated or pointed extremity; may be microcytic and/or hypochromic

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 166). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

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6
Q

Echinochyte

A

sea urchin. Spiculated red cells with short equally spaced projections over the entire surface

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7
Q

elliptocyte

A

Spiculated red cells with short equally spaced projections over the entire surface

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8
Q

keratocyte

A

Helmet cells. Produced when a fibrin strand impales a RBC. Red cells with one or several notches with projections that look like horns on either end

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 166). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

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9
Q

schistocyte

A

Fragments of red cells; variety of shapes including triangles, commas; microcytic

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 167). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

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10
Q

spherocyte

A

—Spherocytic red cells with dense hemoglobin content (hyperchromatic); lack an area of central pallor

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 167). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

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11
Q

stomatocyte

A

uniconcave red cells with the shape of a very thick cup; on stained blood smears cells have an oval or slitlike area of central pallor

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 167). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

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12
Q

test for echinocyte artifact

A

use plastic slides as the glass releases chemicals which can cause echinocyte formation.

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13
Q

Normal RBC MCH

A

30 pg.

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14
Q

Only hyperchromic RBC

A

Spherocyte

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15
Q

Basophillic stipling

A

bluish black inclusions of ribosomes sometimes assoiaed with mitochondria. Artifact.

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16
Q

Cabot rings

A

Remnants of spindle fibers. Indicate dyserythropoesis.

17
Q

hOWELL jOLLEY bODIES

A

Nuclear DNA suggest nucleaer maturation abnormalities. Individual chromosome fails to attach.

18
Q

Heinz bodies

A

Denatured hemoglobin attached to band 3.

19
Q

Sideroblasts

A

erythroblasts with stainabl iron granules

20
Q

Siderocytes

A

non nucleated RBCS with stainable iron granules

21
Q

Pappenheimer bodies

A

damages lysosomes and mitchondria

22
Q

corrected reticulcute count

A

corrects for abnormally low or high hematocrit.

Patient hematocrit/ Normal hematocrit * % reticulocyte = Corrected reticulocyte count (%)

23
Q

reticuocyte count HYPOPROLIFERATIVE ANEMIAS

A

62% or an absolute reticulocyte count 675 * 10 9 /L

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 184). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

24
Q

RETICULOCYTE COUNT HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA

A

corrected count 72% or an absolute count 7100 * 10 9 /L

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 184). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

25
Q

STRESS OR SHIFT RETICULOCYTES

A

RELEASED EARLIER THAN NORMAL WHEN MORE RBCS NEEDED. LARGE POLYCHROMATOPHILLIC CELLS. LONGER TO MATURE.

26
Q

RPI

A

The RPI is a good indicator of the adequacy of the bone marrow response in anemia. Generally speaking, an RPI 72 indicates an appropriate bone marrow response, whereas an RPI 62 indicates an inadequate compensatory bone marrow response (hypoproliferation) or an ineffective bone marrow response.

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 185). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

27
Q

RPI CALCULATION

A

Patient’s hematocrit/ 0.45 L/L (normal hematocrit) * Reticulocyte count (%/ ) Reticulocyte maturation time (days)

28
Q

IMMATURE RETICULOCYTE FRACTION

A

BASED ON RNA CONCENTRATION IN CELL. THROUGH FLOURESCENCE AND ABSORBANCE. IRF INCREASES BEFORE RETICULOCYTE COUNT.

29
Q

ANISOCYTOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH:

A

Anemias associated with an increased RDW

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 186). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

30
Q

MICROCYTOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH:

A

Iron-deficiency anemia; thalassemia; sideroblastic anemia, long-standing anemia of chronic disease

31
Q

MACROCYTOSIS ASOCIATED WITH

A

megaloblastic anemias; hemolytic anemia with reticulocytosis; recovery from acute hemorrhage; liver disease; asplenia; aplastic anemia; myelodysplasia; endocrinopathies; alcoholism

McKenzie, Shirlyn B.; Williams, Lynne. Clinical Laboratory Hematology (3rd Edition) (Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science Series) (Page 186). Prentice Hall. Kindle Edition.

32
Q

INCREASED UNCONJUGATED BILLIRUBIN

A

HEMOLYSIS EITHER iv OR EV.

33
Q

INCREASED IV HEMOLYSIS

A

11-9). Hemosiderin in urine (hemosiderinuria), decreased plasma haptoglobin and hemopexin (as a result of increased consumption), and increased methemalbumin

34
Q

ERYTHROCYTE SURVIVAL STUDY

A

SMALL AMOUNT OF BLOOD REMOVED, RADIOLABELED. CHROMIUM IS TRAPPED. REINJECTED, AND DRAWN PERIODICALLY.

35
Q

MASS =

A

PRODUCTION * SURVIVAL

36
Q

COMPENSATION FOR HYPOXIA / ANEMIA

A

INCREASE IN 2-3 BPG DECREASED OXYGEN AFINITY DUE TO BOHR EFFECT

37
Q

MCH

A

HB / RBC COUNT

38
Q

MCHC

A

HB / HEMATOCRIT

Hematology Module 2 (10 decks)

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