Module 4 - Basics of Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What does nomenclature
mean?
The system used for naming organic
compounds
What does the term empirical
formula mean?
Simplest whole number ratio of atoms in
a molecule
What does the term molecular
formula mean?
It provides the actual number of atoms of
different elements in a molecule
What does the term displayed
formula mean?
It shows every atom and every bond in a
molecule
What does the term structural
formula mean?
It shows the arrangement of atoms in a
molecule without showing every bond
Define skeletal formula
A type of formula which is drawn as lines
with each vertex being a carbon atom.
Carbon atoms not drawn, assumed each
C atom has all unspecified bonds as C-H
Define homologous series
A series of organic compounds having
the same functional group but with each
successive member differing by CH2
What is a functional group?
A group of atoms responsible for
characteristic reactions of a compound
What is an aliphatic
hydrocarbon?
Hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined
together in a straight line or branched
chain
What is an alicyclic
hydrocarbon?
Hydrocarbons arranged in non aromatic
rings with or without side chains
What is an aromatic
hydrocarbon?
Hydrocarbon that contains at least one
benzene ring
Give the suffixes for:
a) No double bonds
b) At least one double bond
c) An alcohol
d) An aldehyde
e) A ketone
f) A carboxylic acid
a) No double bonds -ane
b) At least one double bond -ene
c) An alcohol -ol
d) An aldehyde -al
e) A ketone -one
f) A carboxylic acid -oic acid
Give the prefixes for:
a) CH3 group
b) C2H5 group
c) C3H7 group
d) C4H9 group
e) Cl group
f) Br group
g) I group
a) CH3 group methyl
b) C2H5 group ethyl
c) C3H7 group propyl
d) C4H9 group butyl
e) Cl group chlorof) Br group bromo
g) I group iodo
What is the general formula of
alkanes?
CnH2n+2
What is the general formula of
alkenes?
CnH2n
