Module 4 Flashcards
What is the nature of covalent bonds?
Covalent bonds are formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.
Differentiate between ionic and covalent bonds.
Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons.
How can you predict the number of covalent bonds an atom will form based on its position in the periodic table?
The number of covalent bonds an atom will form can be predicted by its number of valence electrons.
What does the octet rule state regarding multiple covalent bonds?
The octet rule states that atoms will form double or triple covalent bonds to achieve a full octet of electrons.
What are coordinate covalent bonds?
Coordinate covalent bonds are formed when one atom provides both electrons for a shared pair in a bond.
How do molecular compounds differ from ionic compounds in terms of structure, composition, and properties?
Molecular compounds consist of molecules with covalent bonds, while ionic compounds consist of ions held together by ionic bonds.
What is the purpose of interpreting molecular formulas?
Interpreting molecular formulas allows for the identification of the number and type of atoms in a molecule.
How do you draw Lewis structures for molecules?
Lewis structures are drawn using the molecular formula and applying the octet rule to represent valence electrons.
What can Lewis structures be used to predict?
Lewis structures can be used to predict molecular geometry.
How do you distinguish between polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, and ionic bonding?
The distinction is made using electronegativity differences between the bonded atoms.
non polar < 0.4
polar = 0.5-1.9
Ionic > 2.0
What factors can be used to predict the polarity of molecules?
Electronegativity and molecular geometry (VSEPR) can be used to predict molecular polarity.
What is the process for naming binary molecular compounds?
Binary molecular compounds are named using prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element.
What are the diatomic molecules?
HOFBRINCL
Tetrahedral atom
4 - 109.5 degrees
Trignomal Pyramidal atoms…
3 - 120 degrees
Linear atoms..
Straight 180 degrees
