Module 10 Flashcards
What is the net effect of acid-base reactions in water?
Neutralization
Neutralization is the reaction between an acid and a base that results in the formation of water and a salt.
How does the strength of an acid relate to its conjugate base?
The stronger the acid, the weaker its conjugate base
This reflects the inverse relationship between acid strength and the stability of its conjugate base.
How does the strength of a base relate to its conjugate acid?
The weaker the acid, the stronger its conjugate base
This shows that a weaker acid will have a more stable conjugate base.
What do Acid and Bases form in water?
salt and aq
Bronsted Lowry Definition of Acid and Base
Acid: Donates Protons (H+)
Bases: Accepts Protons (H+)
Identify the role of water as an acid or a base in hydrolysis reactions.
As a base: Water can donate hydroxide ions (OH⁻) or react with a proton (H⁺) to form hydronium ions (H₃O⁺). In this case, water behaves as a base because it accepts protons from the reacting acid.
As an acid: Water can donate a proton (H⁺) in the reaction, leaving behind hydroxide ions (OH⁻). In this context, water acts as an acid by providing protons to the reacting base.
What is a buffer?
A buffer is a solution that can resist changes of pH and it is comprised of a weak acid or base and its congujate acid or base.
What is normality?
Normality (N) is a measure of concentration that represents the number of equivalents of a substance (acid or base) per liter of solution. It takes into account the reactive capacity of the solute, which is especially useful in acid-base reactions or redox reactions.
What is normality specific for acids and bases?
acids: it is the concentration of H+ ions
bases: it is the concenratios of OH- ions
How do we predict a salt solution being acidic, neutral or basic?
If the cation comes from a weak base, it can make the solution acidic.
If the anion comes from a weak acid, it can make the solution basic.
If both ions come from strong acids and bases, the solution will be neutral.
A strong acid will cause a ____ base?
weak
A weak base will turn acid into a ____ acid
A strong acid vice versa
