Module 4

Question 1

Shock hypovolemic

Answer 1

Bleeding is the most common cause
adequate tissue perfusion
Cardiovascular Collapse
Hyperfusion the tissues are no longer getting oxygen

Question 2

Compensatory vs decompensatory

Answer 2

Comp still working, high blood pressure, increased heart rate increased respiratory rate takes blood from other parts of the body and use it towards the core
Decomposition decrease in blood pressure as the commissary method is no longer working

Question 3

Aerobic wastes

Answer 3

Carbon which is expelled through the lungs in respiratory function
The way we want to metabolize

Question 4

Anarobic waste

Answer 4

in the kidneys bicarb is released by the adrenal glands on top of the kidneys slow
More acid will build up black lactate acid in car by carbonic acid

Question 5

What system redirect blood away from the other organelles to the brain, lungs and kidneys?

Answer 5

Auto nervous system he cannot control this

Question 6

Capillary, bleed

Answer 6

Oozes
Scrapes and abrasions

Question 7

Vein bleed

Answer 7

Take deoxygenated blood from the body to return to the heart low pressure
Close, dark red study flow can be serious
Closer to the outside of the body

Question 8

Artery bleed

Answer 8

Spurts bright, red pulsating flow
Carries auction needed blood from the heart to the rest of the body, under a lot of pressure being pushed in the body whenever the heart contracts closer to the surface of the body

Question 9

What is one reason for an arterial bleed to stop

Answer 9

As amount of blood circulating in the body drops; the patient’s BP, and eventually runs out of blood in the area

Question 10

Signs of internal bleeding

Answer 10

Abdominal distention/riginty
Dull in the chest
Hypotension
Tachycardia

Question 11

Non-trauma internal bleeding

Answer 11

G.I. bleeding diseases upper equals blood in vomit lower equals blood and faeces

Ruptured atomic pregnancy’s
Ruptured aneurism ( weaked blood vessels)
Other conditions

Question 12

Signs of non-trauma internal bleeding

Answer 12

Pallet or pale
Tachycardia
Changing a mental status
Anxious

Question 13

Management of internal bleeding

Answer 13

Treat shock
Minimize movement
Rapid transport
They will need surgery

Question 14

When must you treat uncontrolled hemorrhages?

Answer 14

In the initial assessment
They must be controlled immediately

Question 15

Arterial bleeding may take up to how many minutes to clot with direct pressure

Answer 15

5 mins

Question 16

Adult males have how much blood per kilogram of body weight

Answer 16

70 mL per kilogram

Question 17

Adult. females have how much blood per kilogram of body weight

Answer 17

65 mL per kilogram

Question 18

The body can’t tolerate how much blood loss

Answer 18

More than 20% at an acute time or about 1 L

Question 19

Bleeding stop on its own within

Answer 19

10 mins

Question 20

Why does bleeding stopped on its own?

Answer 20

Vessels narrow
Plates aggregate, clustered together at the site and cover the whole
Can be disturbed by medication’s

Question 21

Triad of death

Answer 21

Question 22

As acid rises and what does respiratory rate, and carbon dioxide do

Answer 22

Respiratory rate increase in carbon dioxide decrease

Question 23

Entitle over 45MmH equals what

Answer 23

Too much carbon dioxide

Question 24

Treatment for the triad of death

Answer 24

Control, bleed
Keep patient warm
Minimize acid by Iv
Monitor and title and ventilations to prevent respiratory acidosis
Consider a ministering tranexamine acid

Question 25

Managing an external hemorrhage

Answer 25

Direct pressure with a glove hand and four by fours Elevates the injury above the level of the heart, but not if fractured Apply a pressure dressing Tourniquet Lay supine ( trendleburg )

Question 26

Bleeding from the nose, ears, and mouth

Answer 26

Can equal possible skull fracture Please sterile, gauze, pad, oversight, loosely Never pack, ears or nose or mouth as this could be the way of a pressure coming out of the head

Question 27

Epistaxis

Answer 27

Nosebleed

Question 28

Halo test

Answer 28

Place a four by four against the year If a ring of yellow fluid is around the blood, it indicates a sign of a skull fracture

Question 29

How to haemostatic agent work

Answer 29

They work by causing an enhanced clot formation of the website Good for junctional areas like the groin Pack the wounds fully with the haemostatic agent, and then wrap with cling and top never remove cling

Question 30

Burping

Answer 30

Using your finger to clear the clots before, applying a haemostatic agent

Question 31

Tourniquet rules

Answer 31

Can damage nerves, muscles and blood vessels Never put over a joint it makes it ineffective Never use a belt or anything other than a tourniquet an extreme conditions you can use a wide BP cuff Use padding underneath Never covered with a bandage or never loosen the tourniquet after you’ve applied it

Question 32

Signs of a pelvic fracture

Answer 32

Pain in the pelvic growing or lower back Crepitus or instability Signs of a hypovolaemic shock Mechanism of injury

Question 33

What to do in a pevlic trauma

Answer 33

Manually stabilize the pelvis until you can apply a pelvic binder or a sheet

Question 34

Abdominal injury open treatment

Answer 34

Wet, sterile dressing

Question 35

When do you move an impaled object?

Answer 35

When the object is interfering with airway management, or cardiac resucitaion

Question 36

Rice

Answer 36

Rest Immobilize Cold Elevate

Question 37

How much blood can be lost per fracture of the pelvis

Answer 37

500ml per fracture To a total it can hold 2.5 L.

Question 38

We can re-position once if ?

Answer 38

There is no pulse

Question 39

Order for the straps on a Ked

Answer 39

My baby looks hot tonight Middle Bottom Legs Head Top strap

Question 40

Six steps to splinting

Answer 40

Expose Pad Splinting position found Immobilize the joint above and under Treat underlying conditions first Check CMS before and after

Question 41

Traction splints, how many centimetres past the foot

Answer 41

20 to 15

Question 42

Maximum weight of of a traction splint

Answer 42

10% of body weight Or a max of 15 pounds for one leg Or a max of 30 pounds for both legs

Question 43

Indication for a traction splint

Answer 43

Mid shaft, femur fracture Cannot have any other injuries

Question 44

How much blood can a femur hold?

Answer 44

1 to 2 L

Question 45

How to treat eyes

Answer 45

Patch both Flush for 5 to 20 minutes ( alkaline Burns) 20 Brush off dry chemical first

Question 46

Do expose bones get dry or wet. Dressings.

Answer 46

Wet

Question 47

Wound care

Answer 47

Clean inner to outer Don’t Remove any objects like rocks Flush downwards Pat dry and wrap with a sterile dressing

Question 48

Order of straps for a stretcher or spine board or scoop

Answer 48

Torso, pelvis, lower extremities head

Question 49

Open versus closed fractures

Answer 49

Open is a compound break that goes through the skin Closed does not break the skin

Question 50

Simple versus comminuted fracture’s

Answer 50

Simple is still in alignment Comminuted break a long, many lines

Question 51

Transverse versus oblique fractures

Answer 51

Transverse is a 90° break Oblique is a 0 to 90° break

Question 52

Colles’ fracture

Answer 52

A distal wrist fracture ( silver spoon)

Question 53

Greenstick

Answer 53

Partial fracture from bending

Question 54

The kidney make what to neutralize acid

Answer 54

Bicarbonate

Question 55

Blood is redirected away from other organs to the what

Answer 55

Lungs Brain Heart Kidneys