Module 4

Question 1

Genes

Answer 1

code for genetic traits and are located on chromosomes

Question 2

DNA

Answer 2

the genetic material that makes up genes and is a nucleic acid composed of two strands of polynucleotides twisted to form a double helix

Question 3

RNA

Answer 3

a single stranded nucleic acid similar to DNA

Question 4

mRNA

Answer 4

delivers the genetic information, or instructions, from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are made

Question 5

The conversion of a DNA-based sequence of nucleotides in a gene to an RNA-based sequence

Answer 5

Transcription

Question 6

The process by which ribosomes convert the genetic information in mRNA proteins

Answer 6

Translation

Question 7

This is the manifestation of the information encoded in a gene as a specific phenotype?

Answer 7

Gene expression

Question 8

What is the sections of a gene that function as an on/off switch for transcription?

Answer 8

Gene promoters

Question 9

What involves unwinding a DNA double helix and using each strand as a template for a new, complementary strand?

Answer 9

DNA replication

Question 10

When the old strand is retained or conserved in each new double helix?

Answer 10

Semiconservative

Question 11

What is DNA polymerase?

Answer 11

the enzyme that connects nucleotides to make the new strand, using the old strand as the template

Question 12

Origin of replication

Answer 12

where DNA replication starts

Question 13

relaxes the strand

Answer 13

gyrase

Question 14

separates the strands

Answer 14

helicase

Question 15

Okazaki fragments

Answer 15

lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously

Question 16

Sequences that can move from one position on a chromosome to another, or even from one chromosome to another, and may disrupt a gene’s function in the process

Answer 16

Transposons