Module 3

Question 1

What is cell division?

Answer 1

the generation of daughter cells from a parent cell

Question 2

Sex cells are also known as

Answer 2

gametes

Question 3

• takes in nutrients and manufactures proteins and other substances
• grows
• conducts special functions
• prepares to divide

Answer 3

Happens in Interphase

Question 4

What phase is DNA replicated in?

Answer 4

S

Question 5

What are the checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Answer 5

G1 and G2

Question 6

What are sister chromatids held at?

Answer 6

centromere

Question 7

When does there cell prepare for segregation?

Answer 7

Prophase

Question 8

Sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite ends of the cell by shortening of the spindle microtubules. What phase?

Answer 8

during anaphase

Question 9

What is a tetrad?

Answer 9

one replicated maternal chromosome aligned parallel to its matching replicated paternal chromosomes, for 4 chromatids

Question 10

The physical exchange of chromosomal segments between non sister chromatids in paired off paternal and maternal homologous?

Answer 10

crossing over

Question 11

Meiosis ensures that

Answer 11

gametes have a haploid number of chromosomes

Question 12

What is the study of inherited characteristics and the genes that affect those traits?

Answer 12

genetics

Question 13

What does each homologous pair contain?

Answer 13

one paternal and one maternal homologue

Question 14

Homozygous

Answer 14

having identical alleles of a gene

Question 15

Heterozygous

Answer 15

having two different alleles of a gene

Question 16

Genotype

Answer 16

the particular set of alleles carried by an individual

Question 17

Phenotype

Answer 17

an individual’s observable traits

Question 18

mutation

Answer 18

change in DNA sequence of a gene

Question 19

The condition in which one allele is not fully dominant over another, so the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between the two homozygous phenotype

Answer 19

Incomplete dominance

Question 20

Two alleles that are both fully expressed in heterozygous individuals

Answer 20

codominant

Question 21

Autosomal dominant

Answer 21

allele is expressed in homozygotes and heterozygotes

Question 22

Autosomal recessive

Answer 22

allele is expressed only in homozygotes

Question 23

The failure of chromosomes to separate normally during meiosis or mitosis

Answer 23

Nondisjunction