Module 3A Memory

Question 1

Memory

Answer 1

set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time

Question 2

encoding

Answer 2

input of information into the memory system

Question 3

storage

Answer 3

creation of a permanent record of information

Question 4

retrieval

Answer 4

act of getting information out of long-term memory storage and back into conscious awareness

Question 5

Atkinson-Shiffrin model

Answer 5

memory model that states we process information through three systems: sensory
memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory

Question 6

sensory memory

Answer 6

storage of brief sensory events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes

Question 7

short-term memory (STM)

Answer 7

holds about seven bits of information before it is forgotten or stored, as well as
information that has been retrieved and is being used

Question 8

long-term memory (LTM)

Answer 8

continuous storage of information

Question 9

explicit memory

Answer 9

memories we consciously try to remember and recall

Question 10

implicit memory

Answer 10

memories that are not part of our consciousness

Question 11

effortful processing

Answer 11

encoding of information that takes effort and attention

Question 12

automatic processing

Answer 12

encoding of informational details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of
words

Question 13

chunking

Answer 13

organizing information into manageable bits or chunks

Question 14

mnemonic device

Answer 14

memory aids that help organize information for encoding

Question 15

semantic memory

Answer 15

type of declarative memory about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge and
facts

Question 16

episodic memory

Answer 16

type of declarative memory that contains information about events we have personally
experienced, also known as autobiographical memory

Question 17

procedural memory

Answer 17

type of long-term memory for making skilled actions, such as how to brush your teeth,
how to drive a car, and how to swim

Question 18

forgetting

Answer 18

loss of information from long-term memory

Question 19

absentmindedness

Answer 19

lapses in memory that are caused by breaks in attention or our focus being somewhere
else

Question 20

flashbulb memory

Answer 20

exceptionally clear recollection of an important event

Question 21

misinformation effect paradigm

Answer 21

after exposure to additional and possibly inaccurate information, a person
may misremember the original event

Question 22

cerebellum

Answer 22

hindbrain structure that controls our balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills, and it is
thought to be important in processing some types of memory

Question 23

hippocampus

Answer 23

structure in the temporal lobe associated with learning and memory

Question 24

prefrontal cortex

Answer 24

area in the frontal lobe responsible for higher-level cognitive functioning