Module 3.2 Solutions & Chemistry Flashcards
What are solutions made of?
Solutes dissolved in a solvent
Solutes are usually smaller particles that dissolve in the solvent.
What is a solute?
The smaller stuff, often particles (such as sugar in coffee)
Examples include sugar and salt.
What is a solvent?
The liquid in which the solute is dissolved (what coffee is to sugar)
Common examples include water and coffee.
In the solution of salt water, what is the solute?
Salt
Water is the solvent in this solution.
In the solution of salt water, what is the solvent?
Water
What is an aqueous solution?
A solution where the solvent is water
Examples include soda, soup, tears, sweat, and blood.
Examples of aqueous solutions:
- Soda
- Soup
- Tears
- Sweat
- Blood
What is a non-aqueous solution?
A solution where the solvent is something other than water
Examples include dry cleaning fluid and gasoline.
Examples of non-aqueous solutions:
- Dry cleaning fluid
- Gasoline
What is the concentration of a solution?
How much solute is dissolved in a given solvent
More solute leads to a more concentrated solution.
The more solute, the more
concentrated the solution
The other side of the “concentrated” spectrum is
diluted
Many drugs are dispensed as
percent solution
How is a percent solution expressed?
grams per 100 mL solvent or # grams per 1 dL solvent
Given as # grams per 100 mL solvent or
Given as # grams per 1 dL solvent
Commonly used for dispensing drugs.
What is the first step in solving percent solution problems?
Identify the solute and the solvent in the problem
The solute is typically given in grams.
In a percent solution problem, what unit is the solvent given in?
Liters, either dL or mL
This helps in setting up the concentration ratio.
Complete the sentence: The more solute, the more _______.
concentrated the solution
What is the result of 4 g sucrose in 100 mL water?
4% sucrose solution
This example illustrates the calculation of percent concentration.
What are the steps to determine a percent solution?
- Identify solute and solvent
- Set up the ratio
- Perform the math
Each step is critical for accurate calculations.
What is the solute in the example of 12 g sucrose in 300 mL water?
12 g sucrose
The solvent is 300 mL water.
In the example of 12 g sucrose in 300 mL water, what is the resulting percent solution?
4% solution
