module 3 (textbook ch 1) Flashcards
kasserian ingera
how are the children?
- a greeting among the Maasai.
Sankofa
return and Get It.
“we must return and claim our past in order to move toward our future. it is understanding who we were that will free us to embrace who we now are”
- first page in the book
author’s example of gen-trauma
1800s: slave master would compliment slave kid. slave mother would talk negatively about slave kid to avoid them getting sold.
now: white person (or anyone) compliments black kid, black mother says “no no” as a way to *protect them
(quiz) // question 1: The term, “Kasserian Ingera” means:
how are the children
(quiz) // question 2: “The belief that people differ along biological and genetic lines and that one’s own group is superior to another group. These beliefs are coupled with and compounded by the power to negatively affect the lives and limit the options of those perceived to be inferior. “ is the definition of what term?
racism
(quiz) // question 3: What is one of the best learning styles for Black Americans
story telling
(quiz) // question 4: Dr. DeGruy says ___ is the tipping point where America changed from a belief in the best of humanity to the domination of capitalism.
profit over humanity
(quiz) // question 5: Match the following terms with their appropriate definitions/meanings:
Acute Trauma
Complex Trauma
GAS
Physiological Reactions of Trauma
Acute Trauma : single incident
Complex Trauma : Only occurring children ages 0-6
GAS : alarm, resistance, exhaustion
Physiological Reactions of Trauma : amygdala, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus
group trauma
multigenerational and racial trauma
body’s process after traumatic event
- sympathetic response (^): cortisol and blood pressure increases
- parasympathetic response (v): calms us down after
-however after trauma our bodies homeostasis is disrupted so our bodies never go back to normal level. if this occurs over and over again our brain will misinterpret daily activities as same level of intensity as initial trauma event.
sociological trauma
systems in our society that keep and maintain trauma response and even contributes to the trauma response. An example of this would be sustaining trauma through classism.
race
“genetics that transcends physical appearance.” → ignorant term because it has no scientific significance. It is a human-created term.
racial battle fatigue
exhaustion from dealing with racism so often. This is an individual process and results from external (environment) Ex: black americans can leave their home and not return (because of police etc.) and the idea this can happen anytime to you makes you feel fatigued as it feels like there is a threat to you life constantly. This can come from microaggressions as well.
racial battle fatigue effect
either shutdown or explode through your emotions.
- coined by doctor William a. smith (2003)
- culmination of racism and micoragressions that exhaust an individual.
- this is why many black Americans shy away from discussions about race
fight-flight-freeze-agree
occurs when dealing with microaggressions.
white supremacy
It doesn’t matter who you are, if you are white, you are inherently more smart than any other race. This is an ideology and concept. Society upholds this.
white supremacy myths
the myth that white people don’t have a race, culture or religion because they are “normal.” white is excluded from race and every other race has these things. “I have nothing to do with racism.”
monoculture
the individual has no culture or american culture is the only culture everyone should partake in.
white moral elevation
e idea of what is white is so different from the rest of the world → morals said by white individuals is right.
White supremacy culture is taught in schools and upheld by society.
competing victimization
“racism is not that bad anymore.” or “other people have it worse” these are examples of what white americans can say/how they react because of guilt and anxiety.
when the brain is traumatized
fight or flight response will be activated more than it should be and will happen repeatedly during events that are not threatening.
prefrontal cortex
humans are one of the only mammals that have this 1) understand cause and effect. 2) plan for the future. 3) set goals. 4) understand consequences. 5) moderate social behavior
amygdala
found in the limbic system. Sets off alarms when we are in danger. When this happens the brain floods the body with a hormone called cortisol so the body knows something needs to be done.
is stress healthy
Stress response is healthy unless it is prolonged then stress is overactive and damaging.
hyper vigilance
being on edge or aware of danger at all times.
Stress can affect memory and even change how we remember events.
General Adaptive Syndrome (GAS)
found by Dr. Hans Selye. When the brain incurs chronic and oor complex trauma there are 3 stages: Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.
the brain reacts to real or imagined stress triggers with ALARM (fight or flight). then in RESISTANCE the body will respond by releasing harmful chemicals to keep the body in fight or flights. After this the body will EXHAUST itself. This part is where the most amount of damage is done.
adaptively cope
productive and healthy coping.
maladaptively cope
quick easy harmful ways to sooth ourselves.
what can negative thoughts do
actually physical harm our bodies and others (even plants).
Peggy McIntosh and Paul kivel (1996)
list of common myths/psychological defenses whites deploy when faced with race.
1) denial
2) minimization
3) blame
4) lack of intent
5) “its over now”
6) competing victimization
used because they are EMBARRASSED and GUILTY
COGNITIVE DISSONANCE
STUDY THIS FRFR
Dr. Degruy discusses this in her book
- best definition: MENTAL TENSION FROM DENIAL OF THE TRUTH
- the brain refusing to acknowledge a wrong has occurred –> justify their actions
racist/race science
“race-based research” used to dehumanize and discredit blacks.
- used to create racist laws and credos to oppress black Americans.
white fragility
is the defensiveness, the argumentation the hurt feelings the withdrawal that occurs when white people are challenged on their views on racial worldview.
- protects racial heirarchy
- whites believe they are outside/ above (of) race
racial trauma
- is something black people are born into
- is the collective effect racism has on an individual’s mental and physical health.
- micro-aggressions and systemic racism.
event in the first chapter
“I see you” in Africa versus “what you looking at” in America.
trauma defined by the textbook
trauma is an injury caused by an outside, usually violent force or experience.
James king definition of race
race is a concept of society that insists there is a genetic significance behind human variation in skin color that transcends outward appearance.
racism defined by the textbook
the belief that people differ along biological and genetic lines and that one’s own group is superior to another group.
preeminence of relationship
African-based conception of time and the role of traditions and intuition play in the world.
ex: the meeting that didn’t start on time
importance of relationships
in Africa family and relationships are veryyyy important
