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Genetic lecture > Module 3 Test > Flashcards

Module 3 Test Flashcards

1
Q

The DNA is a long polymer of deoxyribonucleotides COVALENTLY LINKED by 3’ - 5’

A

Phosphodiester bonds

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2
Q

The complementary nucleotides BASE PAIRS of the double stranded DNA are held together by

A

Hydrogen Bonds

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3
Q

In the DNA, each nucleotide consists of (3)

A

Nitogenous base

Deoxyribose sugar

Phosphate

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4
Q

He proposed the rules regarding the composition of bases in the DNA

A

Erwin Chargaff

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5
Q

The two complementary strands run in ___ manner

A

Anti-parallel

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6
Q

T or F All bacteria have circular chromosomes

A

FALSE

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7
Q

What is TRUE about plasmids?

A

They offer advantages to their host cells in specific environments

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8
Q

Which of the following enzymes are used to create POSITIVE SUPERCOILS in THERMOPHILES

A

Reverse gyrase

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9
Q

Which model of DNA replication produces a strand that is made up of ORIGINAL and NEW DNA

A

Semi-conservative Model

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10
Q

DNA are synthesized in the ____ direction

A

5’ to 3’

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11
Q

It is the enzyme that RELIEVES TENSION at the REPLICATION FORK

A

DNA Topoisomerase and Gyrase

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12
Q

It is involved in the UNWINDING of the DNA double helix by BREAKING the H bonds

A

Helicase

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13
Q

It is responsible in keeping the DNA strands SEPARATE and AVOID REWINDING during replication

A

SSB Proteins

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14
Q

It is the enzyme that CATALYZES the SYNTHESIS of NEW STRANDS during REPLICATION

A

DNA polymerase

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15
Q

It is the enzyme that JOINS the adjacent OKAZAKI FRAGMENTS together

A

Ligase

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16
Q

It is the form of DNA that has been OBSERVED in conditions of REDUCED WATER CONTENT

A

A-DNA

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17
Q

It is a LEFT-HANDED FORM of DNA and has been mostly found in (CG) n Sequences

A

Z-DNA

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18
Q

What does “H” in H-DNA stands for?

A

Hoogsteen

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19
Q

Which of the following enzymes HAVE EXONUCLEASE ACTIVITIES in the 5’ to 3’ direction?

A

DNA polymerase I

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20
Q

Which of the following enzymes DO NOT HAVE EXONUCLEASE ACTIVITIES in the 5’ to 3’ direction?

A

DNA polymerase (beta)

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21
Q

A repair system that FIXES DAMAGE arising from bulky lesions such as THYMINE DIMERS?

A

Short-patch excision repair

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22
Q

DEAMINATION of cytosine that CAUSES ERROR in the Base pairing can be fixed by ___

A

Base excision repair

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23
Q

It is an EXCISION repair needed to FIX DAMAGE caused by PYRIMIDINE DIMERS

A

Nucleotide excision repair

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24
Q

The following statements are reasons why DNA is PREFERRED as the genetic material, EXCEPT:

A

It has deoxyribose sugar

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25
Which of the following strands are TRANSCRIBED into mRNA?
antisense
26
INITIATION of DNA replication involved the following enzymes EXCEPT:
DNA polymerase
27
ELONGATION and TERMINATION of DNA replication involved the following enzymes EXCEPT:
DNA topoisomerase
28
It is the type of RNA polymerase that CATALYZES the SYNTHESIS or rRNA molecules
III
29
Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are synthesized by RNA polymerase
II
30
Production of MATURE mRNA involved the removal of ___
Introns
31
Modifications of pre-mRNA such as ADDITION of Nucleotides on each terminal are necessary why? ____
to protect the mRNA from being degraded by enzymes
32
What does "t" in tRNA stands for?
transfer
33
Which of the following RNA has 3 loops in which the middle loop carries an ANTICODON at ITS TIP?
tRNA
34
This is the SITE which is OCCUPIED by the incoming tRNA during translation elongation
A-site
35
Which nucleobase is NOT found in the START or STOP codon?
T
36
Which of the following is NOT a biological process?
Reverse translation
37
All of the following processes are SPECIAL MODES of INFORMATION transfer EXCEPT:
RNA > protein
38
Refers to a CLUSTER of GENES with RELATED functions
Operon
39
A specific sequence in DNA wherein RNA polymerase BINDS and TRANSCRIPTION begins
Promoter
40
It OBSTRUCTS the RNA polymerase from TRANSCRIBING the genes
Repressor
41
A gene whose presence PREVENTS the EXPRESSION of some OTHER GENE at a different locus
Inhibitor
42
If the template strand of a gene contains the sequence 3' - TACAGTAGT - 5' the resulting mRNA sequence is:
5' AUGUCAUCA - 3'
43
Describe the EFFECT of the presence of LACTOSE towards the LAC OPERON
Repressor will be inactivated
44
Which of the following is a regulatory gene?
lacl
45
Which of the following post-translational modifications DOES NOT involve ADDITION of chemical groups?
Lipidation
46
A POST-TRANSLATIONAL modification that plays a role in CELL-CELL ADHESION
Glycosylation
47
A POST-TRANSLATIONAL modification that is described as the "kiss of death"
Ubiquination
48
An EPIGENETIC DISEASE characterized by a DECREASE in DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY
Lupus erythematosus
49
Which of the following EPIGENETIC DISEASE is a consequence of D4Z4 region HYPOMETHYLATION
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
50
It is known as WARKANY syndrome
Trisomy 8 Mosaicism Syndrome
51
A type of Trisomy 18 which consist approximately 95% of the cases
full trisomy 18
52
The base SUBSTITUTION that changes the code resulting to a formation of STOP CODON instead of amino acid
nonsense mutation
53
Which of the following BASE SUBSTITUTION is NOT an example of TRANSVERSION?
T to C
54
Which of the following base substitution is an example of transition?
G to A
55
Mutation on anti-oncogene p53 (that may result into CANCER) is an example of ___
LOF mutation
56
INBORN ERRORS of METABOLISM is an example of ___
Biochemical mutation
57
The karyotype 47, XXY is known as ___
Klinefelter Syndrome
58
It is a result when only ONE NORMAL X Chromosome is present and the OTHER SEX CHROMOSOME is MISSING or altered
Turner Syndrome
59
Which of the following diseases is an example of PEROXISOMAL DISORDER?
Zellweger Syndrome
60
It is a disorder of metal metabolism
MENKES syndrome

Genetic lecture (30 decks)

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