Module 3 Sample test questions Flashcards
1.Which of the following is not a function of the nervous system?
a. Sensory function
b. Integrative function
c. Motor function
d. All are functions of the nervous system
D
1.The peripheral nervous system can be divided into:
a. Somatic nervous system
b. Autonomic nervous system
c. Enteric nervous system
d. All of the above
Ans: D
Level: easy
Link: 12.3
1.The motor portion of the autonomic nervous system can be divided into:
a. Somatic and sympathetic divisions
b. Somatic and parasympathetic divisions
c. Enteric and somatic divisions
d. Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
e. Voluntary and involuntary divisions.
Ans: D
Level: easy
Link: 12.3
1.This has the property of electrical excitability.
a. Muscle cells
b. Neurons
c. All of the above
d. None of the above
Ans: C
Level: medium
Link: 12.2
1.A site of protein synthesis in a neuron:
a. Mitochondria
b. Nucleus
c. Nissl body
d. Dendrite
e. Axon
Ans: C
Level: medium
Link: 12.2
1.Nerve fiber refers to:
a. Axon
b. Dendrites
c. Nissl body
d. Both a and b
e. All of the above
Ans: D
Lebel: medium
Link: 12.2
1.This type of neuron has one main dendrite and one main axon.
a. Multipolar neuron
b. Bipolar neuron
c. Unipolar neuron
d. Purkinje cell
e. Renshaw cell
Ans: B
Level: medium
Link: 12.2
1.Myelin sheaths around axons are initially formed by Schwann’s cells
a. When neurons are injured
b. During fetal development
c. After birth
d. Only in response to a disorder
e. During the early onset of Alzheimer’s disease
Ans: B
Level: medium
Link: 12.2
1.This contains neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, axon terminals and neuroglia.
a. Gray matter
b. White matter
c. Astrocytes
d. Satellite cells
e. Ependymal cells
Ans: A
Level: medium
Link: 12.3
1.Which of the following is not a type of channel used in production of electrical signals in neurons?
a. Leakage channel
b. Voltage-gated channel
c. Ligand-gated channel
d. Mechanically gated channel
e. Ion-gated channel
Ans: E
Level: easy
Link: 12.4
- The resting membrane potential in neurons ranges from:
a. +5 to 100 mV
b. –25 to -70 mV
c. –40 to –90 mV
d. –90 to 5 mV
e. None of the above
Ans: c
Level: medium
Link: 12.4
1.A polarized cell
a. Has a charge imbalance across its membrane
b. Includes most cells of the body
c. Exhibits a membrane potential
d. Both b and c
e. All of the above
Ans: E
Level: hard
1.Na+/K+-ATPases are considered to be electrogenic pumps because
a. They contribute to the negativity of the resting membrane potential
b. Because the sodium ions a re negatively charged
c. Because they exhibit low permeability
d. Both a and b
e. All of the above
Ans: A
Level: hard
Link: 12.4
1.A depolarizing graded potential
a. Makes the membrane more polarized
b. Makes the membrane less polarized
c. Is not considered a graded potential
d. Is the last part of an action potential
e. Is seen when the cell approaches threshold
Ans: B
Level: medium
Link: 12.4
1.When a depolarizing graded potential makes the axon membrane depolarize to threshold
a. Ligand-gated Ca+2 channels close rapidly
b. Voltage-gated Ca+2 channels open rapidly
c. Ligand-gated Na+ channels close rapidly
d. Voltage gated Na+ channels open rapidly
e. None of the above
Ans: D
Level: medium
Link: 12.4
1.During the resting state of a voltage-gated Na+ channel
a. The inactivation gate is open
b. The activation gate is closed
c. The channel is permeable to Na+
d. Both a and b
e. All of the above
Ans: D
Level: hard
Link: 12.4
1.During which period can a second action potential be initiated by a larger than normal stimulus?
a. Refractory period
b. Absolute refractory period
c. Relative refractory period
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
Ans: C
Level: medium
Link: 12.4
1.Saltatory conduction
a. Occurs through unmyelinated axons
b. Happens due to even distribution of voltage gated channels
c. Encode only action potentials in response to pain
d. Both a and b
e. None of the above
Ans: E
Level: medium
Link 12.4
1.Which axons have the largest diameter?
a. A fibers
b. B fibers
c. C fibers
d. None of the above
Ans: A
Level: easy
Link: 12.4
1.What phenomenon explains why a light touch feels different than a touch applied with more pressure?
a. Saltatory conduction
b. Continuous conduction
c. Frequency of impulses
d. Propagation
e. Refractory period
Ans: C
Level: medium
Link: 12.4
1.Which of the following terms describes synapses?
a. Axodendritic
b. Axosomatic
c. Axoaxonic
d. None of the above
e. All of the above
Ans: E
Level: easy
Link: 12.5
1.Faster communication and synchronization are two advantages of
a. Chemical synapses
b. Electrical synapses
c. Ligand gated channels
d. Voltage gated channels
e. Mechanically gated channels
Ans: B
Level: medium
Link: 12.5
1.If a neurotransmitter depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane it is referred to as:
a. Excitatory
b. Inhibitory
c. Spatial
d. Temporal
e. Summation
Ans: A
Level: medium
Link: 12.5
1.IPSP stands for:
a. Inhbitory presynaptic summation potential
b. Inhibitory postsynaptic summation potential
c. Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
d. Inhibitory presynaptic potentiale.
e. None of the above
Ans: C
Level: easy
Link: 12.5
1.Diffusion, enzymatic degradation, and uptake by cells are all ways to
a. Remove a neurotransmitter
b. Stop a spatial summation
c. Continue a temporal summation
d. Inhibit a presynaptic potential
e. Excite a presynaptic potential
Ans: A
Level: medium
Link: 12.5
1.When the summed total of postsynaptic potentials rises above threshold, creation of action potentials occurs:
a. In the synaptic cleft
b. In the dendrites
c. At the trigger zone
d. In the neuron nucleus
e. In the neuroplasm
Ans: C
Level: medium
Link: 12.5
1.A postsynaptic neuron responds to neurotransmitters released by a presynaptic neuron by creating:
a. EPSPs
b. Nerve impulses
c. IPSPs
d. Both a and c
e. All of the above
Ans: E
Level: medium
Link: 12.5
1.Which of the following is not considered a small molecule neurotransmitter?
a. Acetylcholine
b. Biogenic amines
c. Purines
d. Endorphins
e. Serotonin
Ans: D
Level: medium
Link: 12.6
1.This neural circuit consists of a single presynaptic neuron synapsing with several postsynaptic neurons.
a. Diverging circuit
b. Converging circuit
c. Reverberating circuit
d. Parallel after-discharge circuit
e. Normal circuit
Ans: A
Level: easy
Link: 12.7
1.Plasticity means
a. The ability to regenerate
b. Sending a signal through a converging circuit
c. Signal transmission at a synapse
d. Capability to change based on experience
e. The ability to stretch without damage
Ans: D
Level: easy
Link: 12.8
1.What factors limit neurogensis.
Ans: Inhibitory influences from neuroglia, mainly from oligodendrites and the absence of growth stimulating cues present during fetal development.
Level: medium
Link: 12.8
1.Describe four ways drugs can modify the effects of neurotrasmitters.
Ans: Drugs can modify neurotransmitter effects by stimulating or inhibiting their synthesis, enhancing or blocking their release, activating or blocking their receptor, and stimulating or inhibiting their removal.
Level: hard
Link: 12.6
1.Describe the three ways neurotransmitters can be removed.
- diffusion
- enzymatic degradation
- uptake by cells.
Level: easy
Link: 12.6
1.Describe the two conditions that allow maintenance of the resting membrane potential in excitable cells.
- Unequal distribution of ions across the plasma membrane
- relative permeability of the plasma membrane to Na+ and K+ help maintain the resting membrane potential.
Level: easy
Link: 12.4
1.Briefly describe what causes the depolarizing phase.
- Voltage gated Na+ channels open rapidly
- then both the electrical and chemical gradients favor the inward movement of Na+.
- The inward rush of Na+ causes depolarization phase of the action potential.
Level: medium
Link: 12.4
1.Which of the three spinal meninges is the most superficial?
a. Arachnoid mater
b. Dura mater
c. Menix mater
d. Pia mater
e. Epi mater
Ans: B
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 13.1
1.Which of the below contains cerebrospinal fluid?
a. Epidural space
b. Subarachnoid space
c. Dural space
d. Meninx
e. Pia mater
Ans: B
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 13.1
1.Denticulate ligaments are thickenings of :
a. Arachnoid mater
b. Pia mater
c. Dura mater
d. Interstitial fluid
e. Subdural space
Ans: B
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 13.1
1.This is a structure that results from nervous input from the upper extremities.
a. Lumbar enlargement
b. Filum terminale
c. Cauda equine
d. Spinal nerve 12
e. Cervical enlargement
Ans: E
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 13.1
1.This contains only sensory axons that conduct nerve impulses from sensory receptors in the skin, muscles and internal organs into the CNS.
a. Spinal nerves
b. Cauda equine
c. Anterior root
d. Posterior root
e. Central canal
Ans: D
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 13.1