Module 3 - research methods Flashcards
What is the scientific approach?
Based on theory, hypotheses are tested empirically and results analysed to falsify or support predictions.
What is descriptive research methods
AIM: Describe things as they exist – no value manipulation.
Cannot establish causation.
· Naturalistic observation
· Case Studies (one person/group)
· Surveys
What is Correlational research
AIM: Assess the degree which two variables are related – so knowing one can predict the other
Cannot imply causation.
Correlation coefficient - scale
· 0 = non related
· +1 = same direction relationship – correlated
· -1 = opposite direction - correlated
What is quantitative research
Experiments or surveys where data can be tabulated and analysed
How can research have generalisability
Internally valid – valid design /sample – have confounding variable been accounted
** Externally valid** – applicable outside lab
What is reliability and what are its types
Produces consistent results
· **Retest reliability ** – same person same result over time
· **Internal consistency ** – ask question different ways – same result
· Interrater reliability – different assessors get same result
What is validity
The measures’ ability to assess the variable it is supposed to assess
What is experimental research
Manipulation of variables to assess cause and effect.
Can demonstrate causal relationships
Describe the variables
Independent Variable – the thing being manipulated.
Dependent variable – the response to the independent variable
What are the steps in the scientific method
What are the steps in designing a research experiment
Explain the correlation coefficient scale
Correlation coefficient - scale
· 0 = non related
· +1 = same direction relationship – correlated
· -1 = opposite direction - correlated
