Module 3 - NATURAL HAZARDS, MITIGATION, AND ADAPTATION Flashcards
Events that occurs as a part of the natural cycles of Earth and may cause damage to a community
Natural hazards
“characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or assets that makes of it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.”
Vulnerability
Who defined Vulnerability
United Nations Office of Risk Reduction
3 geologic processes and hazard
- Earthquake
- Volcanic Eruptions
- Landslide
3 Sub-branches of earthquake
- Ground shaking
- Surface Faulting
- Tsunamis
a principal cause of the total collapse of structures, is the vibration of the ground caused by seismic waves during an earthquake.
Ground shaking
is the offset or tearing of the ground by surface differential movement along a fault during an earthquake.
Surface faulting
Very high waves or seismic sea waves caused by the sudden movement of the ocean floor.
Tsunamis
2 Sub-branches of volcanic eruptions
- Lahar and Floods
- Lava flows and Domes
A _____ (or mudflow) is a flowing slurry of volcanic debris and water that originates on a volcano. The eruption of a snow covered volcano can melt snow to cause a lahar.
Lahar and Floods
Fluid lava forms long thin flows on slopes and flat topped lava in flat areas and topographic depressions, while viscous lava forms short stubby flows on slopes and steep sided domes around their vents.
Lava flows and Domes
Volcanic eruption may only be predicted a _____ or ______ before occurrence
Week or days
2 triggers of landslide
Rainfall-induced
Earthquake-induced
caused by heavy rains that can loosen soil and makes the foundations of the structures weak
Rainfall-induced
occurs during or after an earthquake due to gravity.
Earthquake induced
Earthquakes may either be a ________ or ________.
natural occurrence or man-made
Things to do when Earthquake occur?
Drop
Cover
Hold
What to do before an earthquake?
Make sure you have a fire extinguisher, first aid kit, a battery-powered radio, a flashlight, and extra batteries at home.
Learn first aid
Learn how to turn off the gas, water and electricity.
Make a plan of where to meet your family after an earthquake.
Don’t leave heavy objects on shelves (they’ll fall during an earthquake).
What to do during an Earthquake?
Be careful of chimneys (they may fall on you).
Stay away from beaches. Tsunamis and seiches sometimes hit after the ground has stopped shaking.
Stay away from damaged areas.
If you’re at school or work, follow the emergency plan or the instructions of the person in charge.
Expect aftershocks.
Managing Volcanic Eruptions
Take note of surroundings.
Gather all members of household.
Put together an emergency supply kit.
Put important things on containers etc. preventing from ash fall.
Follow instruction of local authorities.
Volcanic activities is being watched by the?
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
(PhilVolcs)
Managing Landslides
Plant more trees.
Build channels for diversion of mudflow.
Put together an emergency supply kit.
If landslides occur without warning:
Stay alert
Be attentive
Stay away from lower elevations or paths of debris.
Take shelter under sturdy table or structures.
Table guide of PhilVolcs
Reduce the risk
> Public awareness, Planning laws, Evacuation Plans, Hazards and Risk Mapping
Prepare
> Public information, Volcano Monitoring, Delimit Safe, and Danger Zone
Manage the Eruption Affects
> Evacuation mobilize emergency, services, Medical Treatment, Public information, Danger zone enforced, Continuous review of review of eruption based monitoring
> Recovery and assessment of hazards management procedure
