MODULE 3 MUSCLE

Question 1

Muscles are ____organs.

Answer 1

contractile

Question 2

these muscles help the human body move

Answer 2

SKELETAL MUSCLES

Question 3

is found in the heart. It contracts rhythmically, and is modulated by neural activity
and hormones

Answer 3

Cardiac muscle

Question 4

is controlled by the nervous system or hormones. It may be either generally
inactive and then respond to stimulation, or it may be rhythmic

Answer 4

Smooth muscle

Question 5

Unique to cardiac muscle, intercalated discs connect heart muscle cells to each
other.

Answer 5

Intercalated discs:

Question 6

Skeletal muscle functions to:
* _____movement
* maintain ____and stabilize joints
* control _____(elimination of urine and feces) and ____
* produce ___
* support and protect ____

Answer 6

produce
posture
excretion , swallowing
heat
internal organs

Question 7

CT in skeletal muscle is in 3 layers - is the layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle and is continuous with
the tissue that becomes the tendon.

Answer 7

The epimysium

Question 8

is the layer of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of muscle fibres (fascicle) within
a muscle.

Answer 8

The perimysium

Question 9

The ________is the layer of connective tissue that surrounds the individual muscle cells (muscle
fibres) within a muscle bundle.

Answer 9

endomysium

Question 10

Myofilaments are organized into repeating structural units known as

Answer 10

sarcomeres

Question 11

is the muscle that covers the frontal bone and lifts the eyebrows, causing the forehead to wrinkle

Answer 11

Frontalis

Question 12

is a muscle surrounding the eye that forcefully closes the eye when contracted. It
originates on the frontal and maxillary bones.

Answer 12

Orbicularis oculi

Question 13

surrounds the mouth and enables the puckering of lips. It originates on the maxillary
bones or mandible and sometimes referred as a kissing muscle.

Answer 13

Orbicularis oris

Question 14

____extends from the zygomatic arch to the corners of the mouth. It draws the angle of the
mouth superiorly and posteriorly, causing one to smile.

Answer 14

Zygomaticus

Question 15

The ___is a fan-shaped muscle that extends from the temporal fossa of the parietal bone to
the coronoid process of the mandible. The temporalis muscle elevates and pulls the mandible
posteriorly (retract).

Answer 15

temporalis

Question 16

The __-is a powerful muscle that extends from the zygomatic arch to the angle of the mandible
(lower jaw). Its action is to elevate and protract (move forward) the jaw.

Answer 16

masseter

Question 17

The ___muscle flexes the neck with bilateral contraction, and rotates the head to the
opposite site with unilateral contraction.

Answer 17

sternocleidomastoid

Question 18

The ___ extends the neck with bilateral contraction, and turns the face slightly to the
opposite side with unilateral contraction.

Answer 18

semispinalis capitis

Question 19

The _____ extends the neck with bilateral contraction, and causes flexion and lateral
rotation of the neck with unilateral contraction

Answer 19

splenius capitis

Question 20

are the most superficial, and their fibres run anteriorly and inferiorly between the
ribs. They aid in inspiration.

Answer 20

External intercostals

Question 21

___- lie deep to the externals, and their fibres run posteriorly and inferiorly. They aid in
expiration

Answer 21

Internal intercostals

Question 22

___________ are a group of muscles that help to keep the spine erect. They run down
both sides of the spinal column.

Answer 22

The erector spinae muscles

Question 23

The ____ is the most superficial of the anterolateral abdominal wall musculature. Its fibres
run anteriorly and inferiorly.

Answer 23

external oblique

Question 24

function of external oblique - bilateral means

Answer 24

: flexes the vertebral column and compresses the abdominal wall. Used in forced
expiration.

Question 25

function of external oblique - unilateral means

Answer 25

: lateral flexion and rotation of the vertebral column.

Question 26

_________ lies deep to the external oblique, and its fibres run anteriorly and superiorly.

Answer 26

The internal oblique

Bilateral: flexes the vertebral column and compresses the abdominal wall.

Unilateral: lateral flexion and rotation of the vertebral column.

Question 27

The____runs horizontally, deep to the internal oblique.

Answer 27

transversus abdominis

• Bilateral: flexes the vertebral column and compresses the abdominal wall. Used in
  forced expiration.
• Unilateral: lateral flexion of the vertebral column.

Question 28

The______lies on either side of the linea alba and is separated by tendinous intersections

Answer 28

rectus abdominis

Flexion of the trunk & forced expiration - abs

Question 29

A line of connective tissue down the middle of the abdomen for muscle attachment.

Answer 29

Linea alba: