Module 3 Lesson 3: Test Norms Flashcards
What are test norms transformations of?
All test norms are transformations of raw scores.
What is useful to do before defining types of test norms?
Hence, before defining types of test norms, it will be useful to consider the raw score.
What is the raw score?
The raw score is the most immediate result from scoring a test.
In what ways do raw scores arise in?
Raw scores arise in several different ways:
- The raw score may be the number of correct answers given to an achievement test.
- The raw score may be the number of questions answered in a certain direction, for example, “Yes” or “Agree” on a personality or interest inventory.
- The raw score may be the sum of numerically coded responses on a series of attitude items.
What is an example of how raw scores are calculated in numerically coded attitude exams?
For example, an attitude scale may have 10 items. Each item calls for a response on a five‐point scale, ranging from Strongly Disagree (1) to Strongly Agree (5). The raw score is the sum of the numerical responses to the 10 items. Figure 3.7 gives an example of this type of raw score for a six‐item measure of attitude toward mathematics. In this example, items with negative wording or connotation reverse the scale values for purposes of determining the raw score.
What can also be considered as a raw score?
Anthropometric an physiological measures may also be thought of as raw scores.
Placing raw scores in a normative context will aid with what?
Placing raw scores in a normative context will aid in their interpretation.
What do scoring procedures for some tests call for?
Scoring procedures for some tests call for a “corrected” or “adjusted” raw score.
What is the most popular adjustment?
The most popular of these adjustments is the correction for guessing.
Where is correction for guessing applied to?
Correction for guessing is applied to some ability and achievement tests that use a multiple‐choice format.
What is the theory about guessing on multiple choice tests?
The theory is that on a multiple‐choice test one can get some answers right by wild, blind guessing. More precisely, one should be able to get 1/K of the items correct by guessing, where K is the number of options in the multiple‐choice item. Thus, the fraction [W/(K − 1)], where W is the number of wrong answers, is subtracted from the obtained raw score to get the corrected raw score.
Correction for guessing procedure has become obsolete. True or False.
True. The correction for guessing, once widely used, has faded in use.
