Module 3: Doing Philosophy

Question 1

According to him, Philosophy begins with wonder.

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

How do we express our wonder?

Answer 2

By asking questions

Question 3

We are Doing Philosophy when…

Answer 3

We ask questions

Question 4

It is continually engaging in asking, answering, and arguing questions.

Answer 4

Doing Philosophy

Question 5

Philosophers are concerned with a wide range of issues, which includes

Answer 5

certainty, causalty, and ethics

Question 6

What is the first major question of Philosophy?

Answer 6

The Question of Reality

Question 7

The state of existence of thing independent of human consciousness.

Answer 7

Reality

Question 8

Includes physical things that we feel, taste, and smell, as well as things we cannot easily perceive and comprehend

Answer 8

Reality

Question 9

2 various category of reality

Answer 9

Concrete and abstract

Question 10

Branch of Philosophy which addresses questions regarding reality

Answer 10

Metaphysics

Question 11

Focuses on the classification of existing things

Answer 11

Ontology

Question 12

4 topics of reality

Answer 12

concept of time
the nature of the universe
space
nature of the human being

Question 13

The second major focus of philosophical investigation

Answer 13

Question of certainty

Question 14

Refers to a perfect knowledge that is free error or doubt

Answer 14

Certainty

Question 15

Central concept related in the question of certainty

Answer 15

Truth

Question 16

Related to the question of certainty

Answer 16

“Concept of knowledge”
“The means by which human is able to know”

Question 17

Theory in knowledge which believes that knowledge is a priori knowledge

Answer 17

Rationalism

Question 18

based on pure reasoning without the benefit of experience

Answer 18

priori knowledge

Question 19

theory which considers knowledge to be a posteriori knowledge

Answer 19

empiricism

Question 20

knowledge gained from experience

Answer 20

posteriori knowledge

Question 21

questions the certainty of established doctrines or truths and believes that the mind has limits in perceiving an understanding reality — thus all knowledge is uncertain

Answer 21

skepticism

Question 22

branch of philosophy which deals with the nature and extent of knowledge

Answer 22

epistemology

Question 23

the cause of events and phenomena

Answer 23

causalty

Question 24

closely related to the concept of causalty

Answer 24

questions regarding the origin of things

Question 25

important concept related to causalty

Answer 25

purpose, agency, and determinism

Question 26

;explanation of a thing's function or goal ;reason for a thing existence

Answer 26

purpose

Question 27

capacity of man to control or govern his actions

Answer 27

agency

Question 28

an important perspective regarding causalty and agency

Answer 28

determinism

Question 29

shows that each event is determined or influenced by specific set of events or factors

Answer 29

determinism

Question 30

refers to a pre-determined course of events leading to a specific outcome or future

Answer 30

destiny

Question 31

branch of philosophy that studies causality

Answer 31

etiology

Question 32

branch which deals with the question of purpose

Answer 32

teleology

Question 33

the final significant question or problem that philosophy tackles

Answer 33

questions of ethics

Question 34

deals with the standards of right and wrong, which defines human behavior

Answer 34

ethics

Question 35

field of study that discusses and defines the concepts and principles which are meant to govern reasoning and action

Answer 35

ethics

Question 36

important concepts related to ethics

Answer 36

right and wrong the greater good duty obligation virtue

Question 37

branch that seeks to apply and analyze these concepts in various situations, context, and culture, and recommends guidelines that will govern the decisions and actions of people

Answer 37

ethics or moral philosophy

Question 38

5 methods and tools of philosophers in their philosophical studies

Answer 38

systematic doubt argument socratic method axiom occam's razor

Question 39

method that implies the suspension of belief about absolutely everything

Answer 39

systematic doubt

Question 40

according to him, the only thing that he cannot doubt is that, he is doubting, he is thinking, and therefore, must exist

Answer 40

Descartes

Question 41

Cogito ergo sum

Answer 41

I think, therefore, I am

Question 42

constitutes of a premise and conclusion

Answer 42

argument

Question 42

claim the arguments intend to give a reason for believing

Answer 42

conclusions

Question 42

engage in discussions and debate on their ideas, various perspectives are taken into consideration and examined

Answer 42

argument

Question 43

taken together supports the reason for believing its conclusion

Answer 43

premise

Question 44

also known as the elenchus or elenctic method

Answer 44

socratic method

Question 45

form of cooperative argumentative dialogue, between individuals, which is based on asking and answering questions in order to encourage critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presuppositions

Answer 45

socratic method

Question 46

an established rule or principle or self-evident truth

Answer 46

axiom

Question 47

statement of proposition that NEEDS NO PROOF because the truth is obvious, or one that is accepted as true without proof

Answer 47

axiom

Question 48

problem-solving device which employed in analyzing possible explanations regarding a phenomenon

Answer 48

occam's razor

Question 49

among possible explanations, the one with the least assumption is the most acceptable

Answer 49

occam's razor

Question 50

practical uses of philosphy

Answer 50

1. requires a person to engage in analysis and interpretation 2. problem-solving and decision making 3. good communicator 4. wisdom 5. self-development

Question 51

the ability to apply knowledge to daily life

Answer 51

wisdom

Question 52

capacity for inquiry, critical thinking, and reflection

Answer 52

self-development

Question 53

everyone sees and interprets the world in their own unique way

Answer 53

perspective

Question 54

FACTORS how we perceive this phenomenon and organize our beliefs and ideas

Answer 54

1. family 2. education 3. social environment 4. upbringing

Question 55

there are 2 ways we "look at things"

Answer 55

partial point of view holistic perspective

Question 56

defined as the stance or point-of-view from which something is considered or evaluated referred to as partial thinking

Answer 56

point-of-view

Question 57

has narrow focus and often overlooks the role that the part plays in the overall operation

Answer 57

partial thinking

Question 58

relating to or concerned with wholes or complete systems rather than analyzing, treating, or dissecting into pieces

Answer 58

holistic way of thinking

Question 59

watching things from a macro-perspective

Answer 59

holistic way of thinking

Question 60

useful from a philosophical standpoint, but only to a certain extent

Answer 60

partial thinking

Question 61

what is expected of us when addressing issues and concerns related to human experience

Answer 61

holistic approach

Question 62

concerned with looking at and thinking about our experiences, action, feelings, and responses, and then interpreting or analyzing them in order to learn from them

Answer 62

reflection

Question 63

reflection is the act of devoting time to contemplating the meaning and purpose of one's life

Answer 63

Marcel

Question 64

2 kinds of philosophical reflection

Answer 64

primary reflection secondary reflection

Question 65

investigate objects through abstraction, dissecting, and breaking in down into its constituent parts

Answer 65

primary reflection

Question 66

tends to dissolve the unity of experience of an object being reflected on

Answer 66

primary reflection

Question 67

associated with partial point of view because it is fragmented and compartmentalized

Answer 67

primary reflection

Question 68

synthetic and seeks to unite rather than divide

Answer 68

secondary reflection

Question 69

recreates the unity of the original experience by collecting what primary reflection has dissected

Answer 69

secondary reflection

Question 69

attempts to recover the unity of experience

Answer 69

secondary reflection

Question 70

allows us to think in a more holistic manner "big picture"

Answer 70

secondary reflection

Question 71

allows us to see connections and relations of people, places, events, actions, and its effects

Answer 71

reflection

Question 72

critical philosophical process for ensuring that our choices, decisions, and actions are well thought out and taken into account the implications and consequences

Answer 72

reflection