Module 2: Philosophy of the Human Person Flashcards
Begins with a sense of wonder
Philosophy
They are interested in nature and cosmos.
Greek philosophers
They focused on God.
Medieval philosophers
They marked a shift in philosophy towards the study of human being
Renaissance and Reformation, along with the worksnof Descartes
Who attempted to understand the human person
Socrates and few other thinkers
With the rise of experimental sciences in the modern times. They have become the primary and exclusive object of many different disciplines, such as psychology, sociology, or anthropology.
Human person
Can be understood as an attempt to unify different ways of understanding human nature.
Philosophy of the human person
Methodical reflection on human experience(first-person perspective) ws well as from the philosopher’s own personal experience.
Phenomenology
Concerned with interpersonal relationships and the dynamics of these relationships
Existentialism
Study of human beings, which interprets the data of experience in the light of metaphysical principles.
Philosophy of the human person
2 Sources of the Philosophy of the human person
- Data of experience
- Metaphysical principles
Supplied mainly by everyday experience and confirmed by experimental sciences
Data of experience
Supplied by ontology or metaphysics
Metaphysical principles
Philosophy of the human person is also known as:
• Philosophical Anthropology
• Rational Psychology
Seeks to unify the empirical investigations of human nature in an effort to understand individuals as creatures of their environment and creators of their values.
Philosophical Anthropology
Philosophical Anthropology is distinct from?
SBC
• Social Anthropology
• Biological Anthropology
• Cultural Anthropology
Studies human beings, society and cultures through a comparative lens
Social Anthropology
Studies the evolution of humans, their variability, and adaptations to environmental stresses.
Biological Anthropology
Deals with the study of human societies and cultures
Cultural Anthropology
Delves deeper into the human psyche by rational reflection on the implications of human activity
Rational Psychology
Psychology comes from the Greek words
psyche: mind
logos: science
Science of facts and laws of mental life, as acquired by everyday experience
Empirical psychology
Try to understand the human person in terms of reading, measurement, and behavior patterns obtained from experimental observation.
Experimental psychology
Study of the nature of human beings
Ontology
2 Methods in the Investigation of Human Philosophy
- Phenomenology
- Transcendental phase
We use observations regarding human beings, without yet attempting to interpret or draw speculative conclusions from our data.
Phenomenology
We seek the ultimate meaning of data. It searches for a final, conclusive, and exhaustive justification and explanation for all human behavior, activities, manifestations, cultural products, etc.
Transcendental phase
Study of interpretation
Hermeneutics
Important information about the human person.
SALCOCVSH
• Self-consciousness
• Abstract intelligence
• Language
• Contemplation
• Objectification
• Culture
• Volitional freedom
• Sociality
• Hermeneutical Nature
Animals possess consciousness, but only humans have the capacity for reflection.
Self-consciousness
Animals possess a high degree of instinct and some even possess a high degree of intelligence, but human alone possess rationality.
Abstract intelligence
Humans seem capable of communicating because of their capacity of abstraction.
Language
Human being alone seem capable of contemplating nature. They are only aesthetic animals
Contemplation
Humans because of self-consciousness, are capable of objectifying their world
Objectification
Our ability to objectify enables us to name things, to speak about them, and to engage in cultural pursuits. We are the only beings that can carry on from where the previous generation left off.
Culture
Humans alone choose self-consciously and willfully. In short, they alone possess volitional freedom.
Volitional freedom
We participation in the world as a human. We are all social animals
Sociality
Every human being is a product of a particular era and culture. The way in which they relate to the world around them is influenced by historical, cultural, and social factors.
Hermeneutical nature
