Module 3 - Chapter 7: Energy Balance, Obesity & Weight & Body Composition Management Flashcards
When is the period that the fat cells grow rapidly?
Late childhood and early puberty
When the energy expenditure is more than engery intake, what is the changes on the fat?
A. It get bigger
B. It get smaller
C. The number of fats reduced
B. It get smaller
When fat cells enlarge, what will happen to the cell?
It stimulate the cell proliferation, it makes the fat increase in size and numbers
What is Hyperplasia?
Fat cells increasing in numbers during late childhood or puberty years.
What are the hormones that involve to food intake and Energy balance in fat storage?
A. Steroids, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine
B. Leptin, Ghrelin, Lipoprotein lipase
C. Thiamine, Cobalamin, Epinephrine
B. Leptin, Ghrelin, Lipoprotein lipase
What is Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)?
It promotes fat storage in Adipose tissue & Muscle
Why an obesity are more easy to store fat than someone isn’t obesity?
Because they have higher LPL activity
What is the reason when weight loss occurred, the LPL activity also being increasing?
When weight loss, the body will sedn a signal to LPL enzyme to store more fat, as body tend to feel more comfortable with it. It causes weight to be regained easily
Females Estrogen tend to store more LPL which part of the body?
A. Breast, Arm, Abdomen
B. Hips, Buttock, Breast
C. Hips, Thigh, Breast
C. Hips, Thigh, Breast
Which hormone is promote negative energy balance by suppressing appetite & increase BMR?
A. Lipoprotein lipase
B. Leptin
C. Ghrelin
B. Leptin
Which hormones could trigger the desire of appetite to eat?
A. Lipoprotein lipase
B. Leptin
C. Ghrelin
C. Ghrelin
What is the problem of someone obesity with their hormone & fat storage?
It’s either Ghrelin not function well or both Leptin & Ghrelin hormones not function in right manner.
Does generic auses obesity and why?
Genetic does not caused obesity, but genetically susceptible individual have chances to gain body fat or have high number of fat cells than someone doesn’t have the obesity gene.
What is the consequences of a defective gene for adipocyte leptin production causes the brain to assess adipose tissue function improperly?
- Knows as Obesity gene
- It causes leptin to be inaffective at controlling appetite
- It also gonna affect Ghrelin in regulation the feeling of fullness
What are the 3 ways for weight loss in unbalance the energy equation?
- Reduce energy intake below daily energy expenditure
- Reduce energy intake and increase energy expenditure
- Maintain energy intake and increase energy expenditure
What is the effects when continue the caloric restrictions?
It will decrease the oxygen uptake making body using fewer calories to burn.
What are the bad consequences when someone is having starvation as a weight loss programme?
It will cause someone
- Lethargy
- Malnutrition
- Depressed resting Metabolism
- Increase the ‘hangry’ episodes
What are the metabolism for components of Daily Energy Expenditure?
Resting Metabolic Rate
Thermic Effect of Feeding
Thermic Effect of Activity
What is the biggest contribution for non athlete?
A. Thermic Effect of Feeding
B. Thermic Effect of Activity
C. Resting Metabolic Rate
C. Resting Metabolic Rate
What could enhance through exercise?
Fat mobilization and catabolism
When will happen to someone that only dieting for weight loss without exercise?
It will leads to..
- Increase of losing lean tissue
- Decrease fat loss percentage
- Loss of metabolism
What is the best way to lose fat tissue at the same time can preserve lean tissue and increase fat free mass?
The best way is to increase protein intake, increase the exercise in aerobic and anarobic way.
What do you loss when you losing weight too quickly?
You loss body water and stored glycogen
What do you loss when you losing weight too quickly?
You loss body water and stored glycogen
What happen when lose weight too quickly for someone is obesity?
It might cause loss of muscle, lost of bone mass and also lead to sarcopenia & osteopenia
Which type of training can avoid losses of lean mass, and bone mineral density?
A. Resistance Training only
B. Aerobic only
C. Resistance training combine with Aerobic
C. Resistance training combine with Aerobic
To assist an obesity, what will you implement for him/her and why?
I will provide him / her aerobic + anaerobic programme for weight loss. Because it not only helping the weight loss goal, also can assist to prevent issue of frailty, increased bone density and delay losses in lean tissue.
