Chapter 3 - Micronutrients, Water & Hydrantion

Question 1

What are the 2 classification for Vitamin?

Answer 1

Water-soluble & Fat-soluble

Question 2

Which one is inorganic substance?

A. Vitamin
B. Water
C. Mineral

Answer 2

C. Mineral

Question 3

Below which are the under Water-soluble Vitamins?

A. Vitamin C, Thiamine, Riboflavin, Pyridoxine, Biotin, Pantothenic acid, folic acid, niacin, cobalamin
B. Vitamin A, D, E, K
C. Beta carotene, Calcium, Iron, Sodium, Zinc

Answer 3

A. Vitamin C, Thiamine, Riboflavin, Pyridoxine, Biotin, Pantothenic acid, folic acid, niacin, colabamin

Question 4

What is largely act as coenzymes?

Answer 4

Water-soluble Vitamins

Question 5

What is the roles of Vitamins?

Answer 5

Extraction of energy from the food we consume
Precursors to enzymes
Regulate metabolism
Control process of tissue synthesis
Protect plasma membrane of cells

Question 6

What is the role of Vitamin E?

Answer 6

As an antioxidant, prevent formation of free radicals during intense exercise
Prevent the destruction of red blood cells.
Improve and maintain oxygen delivery to the muscle during exercise.

Question 7

Which vitamin below that is important to blood clotting, bone metabolism in postmenopausal women?

A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin K
C. Vitamin A

Answer 7

B. Vitamin K

Question 8

What is Antioxidant role of Vitamins?

Answer 8

A free radical is highly reactive atom or molecule that contains at least one unpaired electron in its outer valence shell

Question 9

What is Oxidative Stress?

Answer 9

An accumulation of free radicals in the body increases the potential of cellular damage.

Question 10

Which are important protective functions as antioxidants?

A. Amino acid, protein, lipids
B. Vitamin C, B, K
C. Vitamin A, C, E and Beta carotene

Answer 10

C. Vitamin A, C, E and Beta carotene

Question 11

Which vitamins are facilitate the conversion of homocysteine to other non damaging amino acids?

Answer 11

Folate, B6 & B12

Question 12

Which one is require > 100mg daily?

A. 7 Major minerals
B. 14 Minor or trace minerals

Answer 12

A. 7 Major minerals

Question 13

What are the 7 Major minerals?

Answer 13

Calcium
Sodium 
Magnesium
Potassium 
Chloride
Sulfur 
Phosphorus

Question 14

What are the roles for Minerals?

Answer 14

As enzymes, hormones and vitamins.
Structure & mineralization in bones, teeth and formation of collagen.
Synthesize macronutrients, glycogen, fat & protein.
Perform antioxidant activities.
Blood clotting.
Involve in Energy metabolism
Contribute cell excitability & nerve conductivity.

Question 15

This supplement is used to increase aerobic performance that use the oxygen system, also component of hemoglobin in red blood cell, which is a carrier of oxygen.

A. Calcium
B. Magnesium
C. Iron

Answer 15

C. Iron

Question 16

Factors that affect the Bioavailability of Minerals.

Answer 16

Types of food that consume
Mineral - Mineral interaction
Vitamin - Mineral interaction
Fiber - Mineral interaction

Question 17

Which one is refer as irregular menstrual cycles for female athlete?

A. Amenorrhea
B. Oligomenorrhea
C. Osteoporosis

Answer 17

B. Oligomenorrhea

Question 18

Which one is found in both animal & plant foods, but it has low bioavailability?

A. Heme-iron
B. Non heme-iron

Answer 18

B. Non heme-iron

Question 19

When you have a female athletes that who is plant base food eater, what are you gonna encourage her that she doesn’t take iron (only found in animal source)?

Answer 19

Encourage her to take up more Vitamin C & monitor the physical activity, so that can increase the absorption of Non-heme iron.

Question 20

What is Metabolic Water?

Answer 20

It is the production of water from the food that we consume.

Question 21

Everyday water loss occurs from where?

Answer 21

Urine
Insensible perspiration
Water vapor in expired air (air that breath out)
Feces

Question 22

What is the roles for water?

Answer 22

Regulate temperature
Regulation of blood pressure
Provide structure & form to the body
Provide reaction to the substance chemically
Transport oxygen & nutrients
Excretion of excess nitrogen and other substance via urine

Question 23

What could helps to maintain plasma sodium concentration?

Answer 23

Adding moderate amounts of Sodium to the fluids.

Question 24

What is the benefits of adding sodium into the fluids?

Answer 24

It can prevent your body from letting go too much of fluid via urine, so it helps to maintain hydration level.