MODULE 3 (2.1) - MINERAL & SYNTHETIC OILS

Question 1

produced by refining petroleum crude oils and are the starting ingredients for over 95% of all lubricants now in production

Answer 1

Mineral Oils

Question 2

made up of hydrocarbons with varying molecular weights

Answer 2

Mineral Oils

Question 3

differs in: chemical form, sulphur content and viscosity

Answer 3

Mineral Oils

Question 4

Carbon atoms are connected by single bonds

Answer 4

Paraffins

Question 5

CHAIN

Pentane

Answer 5

Paraffins

Question 6

Have at least one ring of carbon atoms

Answer 6

Napthenes

Cycloparaffins

Question 7

CHAIN

Cyclopentane

Answer 7

Napthenes

(Cycloparaffins)

Question 8

Contain benzene ring

Answer 8

Aromatics

Question 9

CHAIN

Napthalene

Answer 9

Aromatics

Question 10

derived from mixing many synthetic components

Answer 10

Synthetic Oils

Question 11

They are refined, distilled and broken down to their basic molecules

Answer 11

Synthetic Oils

Question 12

The difference with mineral oils resides in the transformation process: synthetic oil undergoes more sophisticated modifications

Answer 12

Synthetic Oils

Question 13

Features and Advantages of Synthetic Oils

Answer 13

• synthetic oils contain fewer impurities than mineral oils
• synthetic oils are chemically modified
• synthetic oils are mainly designed for high performance engines
• no frequent need for oil changes
• high performance engine oils
• excellent flow at low temperatures
• stable viscosity, even at high temperatures
• less formation of deposits
• less wear on parts
• optimised fuel consumption