Module 2.4

Question 1

Explicit Memory

Answer 1

Retention of facts and experiences that we can consciosuly know and “declare” (Declarative memory)

Question 2

Effortful Processing

Answer 2

Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.

Question 3

Automatic Processing,

Answer 3

Unconcisous encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of familiar or well-learned information, such as sounds, smells, and word meanings.

Question 4

Implicit Memory

Answer 4

Retention of learned skills or classically conditioned associations independent of conscious recollection (Nondeclarative memory).

Question 5

Iconic Memory

Answer 5

A momentary sensory memory of a isual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second.

Question 6

Echoic Memory

Answer 6

A momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recall within 3 and 4 seconds.

Question 7

Chunking

Answer 7

Organizing items into familair, manageable units; often occurs automatically.

Question 8

Mnemonics

Answer 8

Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid iamgery and organizational devices.

Question 9

Spacing Effect

Answer 9

The tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retenton than is achieved through massed study or practice.

Question 10

Testing Effect

Answer 10

Enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply rereading information.

Question 11

Shallow Processing

Answer 11

Encoding on a basic level, based on the structure or appearance of words.

Question 12

Deep processing

Answer 12

Encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the wordsl tends to yield the best retention.