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IT Theory Grade 10 > Module 2.2 > Flashcards

Module 2.2 Flashcards

1
Q

what does a modular design mean

A

computers assembled from variety parts makes maintenance and upgrading easier

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2
Q

why is metal used for a computer case

A

durable and provides good protection

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3
Q

mods

A

special cases people build for their computer

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4
Q

motherboard

A

large piece circuitry with slots and connectors for different components and peripherals to connect it
allows all parts of computer connect with each other

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5
Q

CPU

A

central processing unit that does all the work (processing)

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6
Q

where does the CPU plug into the motherboard

A

ZIF socket designed not damage delicate pins

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7
Q

what does ZIF stand for

A

zero insertion force

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8
Q

why doe CPUs need cooling fans

A

CPU gets very hot which can damage it

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9
Q

which companies make CPUs for PCs

A

Intel or AMD

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10
Q

which companies make CPUs for smartphones

A

Apple, ARM, Qualcomm

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11
Q

how is the speed of the processor measured

A

gigahertz (GHz)

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12
Q

what does RAM stand for

A

random access memory

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13
Q

RAM

A

where any program that is run is loaded and temporarily stored and where files that are open are temporarily stored

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14
Q

characteristics of RAM

A

-volatile
-where CPU keeps instructions it is working on
-data transfer between RAM & CPU fast electronic process
-more RAM = better functioning computer
-RAM supplied in DIMMs fit into DIMM slots on motherboard
-expensive

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15
Q

DIMM

A

dual inline memory module

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16
Q

HDD

A

hard disk drives which are magnetic

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17
Q

hard disk drives

A

solid disks coated with magnetic substance which includes a read-write head can either write magnetic patters (0s/1s) or read pattern from disk

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18
Q

how is HDD technology being improved

A

increasing density of data on surface of disk

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19
Q

characteristics of HDD

A

-mechanical and slow
-large capacities at lower cost per GB than RAM
-delicate and can damaged if moved while working

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20
Q

how do HDD get damaged

A

head make contact with surface and damage magnetic material

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21
Q

optical storage/drives

A

use removeable disks that hold data by reflecting laser light in different ways to represent 0s and 1s

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22
Q

examples of optical storage

A

CD, DVD, Blue-ray

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23
Q

characteristics of optical disk drives

A

-slower than HDD
-limited storage capacity
-buy writeable or re-write blank discs write data on yourself
-buy them pre-made programs/data already on them
-being replaced by flash drives

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24
Q

how much storage does a CD have

A

700 MB

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25
how much storage does a DVD have
4.7-9 GB
26
how much storage does blue-ray have
up to 50 GB
27
SSD stand for
solid state drive
28
SSD
use special type of electronic memory that retain data when power is off
29
characteristics of SSD
-slower RAM faster mechanical storage -more expensive -smaller capacity found high end laptops
30
peripherals
devices connected to the computer
31
what does USB stand for
universal serial bus
32
what is a USB hub
connects to USB port and expands it 4 or more ports devices can be connected to
33
USB
port that a variety of devices can connect to
34
which peripherals connect via USB
keyboards, mouses, printers etc
35
Firewire
devices can be connected to this port for past data transfer mainly used for transferring video, being used less and less
36
what connections do computers need to have
-way connect network (RJ45) -socket headphones (mini-jacks) -port connect monitor (VGA)
37
peripherals
all devices outside case/system unit connect to computer via port
38
examples of input devices
keyboard, pointing devices, microphones, touch screens, game controller, camera and video camera, scanners, pen tablet
39
mouse
device move around surface and cursor on screen moves in sync with device
40
touchpads
found on laptops and move your finger on surface accomplish same tasks as mouse
41
microphones
enable your computer hear
42
touch screens
found consumer tablets touch screen directly and are built into the device
43
interactive whiteboards
pointing devices work best when projector used display screen on whiteboard and becomes giant touch screen
44
how to connect cameras to computers
-connecting camera to computer with cable -remove storage card in camera and place in card reader connected to computer
45
how did u scan a picture
scanned onto flat glass surface and light sensor moves one end to other, capturing image of item which computer converts image
46
what does optical character recognition
take picture convert it into editable text
47
3D scanners
lasers/multiple cameras scanning barcode converting into alphanumeric ID code (supermarkets)
48
magnetic stripe readers
read information stores on magnetic stripe (bank card)
49
biometric scanners
designed security and read/identify unique identifying characteristics of people (fingerprints)
50
pen tablet
allows you to draw in precise detail on physical paper tablet generates electric field
51
input
used tell computer what to do and gives data needed process
52
what is main input
text
53
examples of text
google translate, scanners (CAM scanner), voice recognition software and barcode scanners
54
examples of inputs
images, text, sound, data from sensors
55
examples of sound
MiDI and sibelius
56
how can sound be anaylsed and manipulated
-software leave room and only record when sound detected which saves battery life -note taking software link recordings to notes -shazam/midomi soundhound allow you listen to song and then identify it
57
acclerometers
sensors in smartphone allow you control games like undo, skip
58
examples of sensors
light sensors, gyroscopes, temperature sensors
59
uses of sensors
-laptop screens change brightness depending on the light of the room -some equipment shut down when temperatures too high
60
output devices examples
monitor, data projectors, printers, speakers/headphones,
61
another name for monitor
VDU (visual display unit)
62
how do VDU works
use LCD (liquid chrystal siaplay) technology but many use LED provide light
63
how are monitors classified
size, resolution, response time, connection they use, contrast ratio, technology used
64
common size of monitor
19 inches
65
what does the resolution of a monitor refer to
number of pixels from screen image
66
who needs a quick response time on monitors
gamers
67
what is response time measured in
milliseconds
68
3 common ports for monitors
VGA cables, DVI cables, HDMI ports
69
contrast ratio
measurement/ratio between blackest black and lightest white
70
data projector
connects your computer and projects what is on your monitor onto a screen
71
technology of a data projector
LCD, DLP, RGP, LED, Pico
72
how do laser printers work
melting toner onto paper, faster inkjets, relatively cheap
73
how do inkjet printers work
spray dots of ink onto paper, slower laser more expensive, good quality
74
how do dot-matrix printers work
old technology that strikes pins onto paper through inked ribbons and used carbon copies
75
what measures the quality of the sound
-sound card -speakers/headphones used
76
which storage devices are portable
optical storage and flash drives
77
characteristics of flas drives
-electronic -faster -more expensive per GB -less likely damaged -range size 1GB onwards
78
pros of flash drives
-small physical size -high capacity' -low cost
79
cons of flash drives
stolen or lost
80
examples of memory cards
SD, meory stick, compact flash
81
card reader
allows you plug card into reader then connect card reader through usb port and treated like flash drive
82
2 types of portable hard drives
2.5'' - need less power but lower capacity 3.5'' - larger and need extra power supply
83
advantage of portable hard drives over flash drives
much greater capacity
84
modem
converted digital data into analogue audiio signals so transferred over telephone system when reached destination data transferred back digital data
85
DTD
data terminating device
86
3G modems
connect internet using cellular telephone network
87
ADSL modems
high-speed, 24 hour day connection internet
88
routers
make communication between networks over internet possible by directing data to destination
89
synchronise
process of getting two sets of same data files on two different devices updated latest copy of files

IT Theory Grade 10 (14 decks)

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