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IT Theory Grade 10 > Module 2.2 > Flashcards

Module 2.2 Flashcards

1
Q

what does a modular design mean

A

computers assembled from variety parts makes maintenance and upgrading easier

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2
Q

why is metal used for a computer case

A

durable and provides good protection

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3
Q

mods

A

special cases people build for their computer

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4
Q

motherboard

A

large piece circuitry with slots and connectors for different components and peripherals to connect it
allows all parts of computer connect with each other

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5
Q

CPU

A

central processing unit that does all the work (processing)

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6
Q

where does the CPU plug into the motherboard

A

ZIF socket designed not damage delicate pins

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7
Q

what does ZIF stand for

A

zero insertion force

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8
Q

why doe CPUs need cooling fans

A

CPU gets very hot which can damage it

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9
Q

which companies make CPUs for PCs

A

Intel or AMD

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10
Q

which companies make CPUs for smartphones

A

Apple, ARM, Qualcomm

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11
Q

how is the speed of the processor measured

A

gigahertz (GHz)

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12
Q

what does RAM stand for

A

random access memory

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13
Q

RAM

A

where any program that is run is loaded and temporarily stored and where files that are open are temporarily stored

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14
Q

characteristics of RAM

A

-volatile
-where CPU keeps instructions it is working on
-data transfer between RAM & CPU fast electronic process
-more RAM = better functioning computer
-RAM supplied in DIMMs fit into DIMM slots on motherboard
-expensive

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15
Q

DIMM

A

dual inline memory module

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16
Q

HDD

A

hard disk drives which are magnetic

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17
Q

hard disk drives

A

solid disks coated with magnetic substance which includes a read-write head can either write magnetic patters (0s/1s) or read pattern from disk

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18
Q

how is HDD technology being improved

A

increasing density of data on surface of disk

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19
Q

characteristics of HDD

A

-mechanical and slow
-large capacities at lower cost per GB than RAM
-delicate and can damaged if moved while working

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20
Q

how do HDD get damaged

A

head make contact with surface and damage magnetic material

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21
Q

optical storage/drives

A

use removeable disks that hold data by reflecting laser light in different ways to represent 0s and 1s

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22
Q

examples of optical storage

A

CD, DVD, Blue-ray

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23
Q

characteristics of optical disk drives

A

-slower than HDD
-limited storage capacity
-buy writeable or re-write blank discs write data on yourself
-buy them pre-made programs/data already on them
-being replaced by flash drives

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24
Q

how much storage does a CD have

A

700 MB

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25
Q

how much storage does a DVD have

A

4.7-9 GB

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26
Q

how much storage does blue-ray have

A

up to 50 GB

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27
Q

SSD stand for

A

solid state drive

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28
Q

SSD

A

use special type of electronic memory that retain data when power is off

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29
Q

characteristics of SSD

A

-slower RAM
faster mechanical storage
-more expensive
-smaller capacity
found high end laptops

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30
Q

peripherals

A

devices connected to the computer

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31
Q

what does USB stand for

A

universal serial bus

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32
Q

what is a USB hub

A

connects to USB port and expands it 4 or more ports devices can be connected to

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33
Q

USB

A

port that a variety of devices can connect to

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34
Q

which peripherals connect via USB

A

keyboards, mouses, printers etc

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35
Q

Firewire

A

devices can be connected to this port for past data transfer
mainly used for transferring video, being used less and less

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36
Q

what connections do computers need to have

A

-way connect network (RJ45)
-socket headphones (mini-jacks)
-port connect monitor (VGA)

37
Q

peripherals

A

all devices outside case/system unit connect to computer via port

38
Q

examples of input devices

A

keyboard, pointing devices, microphones, touch screens, game controller, camera and video camera, scanners, pen tablet

39
Q

mouse

A

device move around surface and cursor on screen moves in sync with device

40
Q

touchpads

A

found on laptops and move your finger on surface accomplish same tasks as mouse

41
Q

microphones

A

enable your computer hear

42
Q

touch screens

A

found consumer tablets touch screen directly and are built into the device

43
Q

interactive whiteboards

A

pointing devices work best when projector used display screen on whiteboard and becomes giant touch screen

44
Q

how to connect cameras to computers

A

-connecting camera to computer with cable
-remove storage card in camera and place in card reader connected to computer

45
Q

how did u scan a picture

A

scanned onto flat glass surface and light sensor moves one end to other, capturing image of item which computer converts image

46
Q

what does optical character recognition

A

take picture convert it into editable text

47
Q

3D scanners

A

lasers/multiple cameras scanning barcode converting into alphanumeric ID code (supermarkets)

48
Q

magnetic stripe readers

A

read information stores on magnetic stripe (bank card)

49
Q

biometric scanners

A

designed security and read/identify unique identifying characteristics of people (fingerprints)

50
Q

pen tablet

A

allows you to draw in precise detail on physical paper
tablet generates electric field

51
Q

input

A

used tell computer what to do and gives data needed process

52
Q

what is main input

A

text

53
Q

examples of text

A

google translate, scanners (CAM scanner), voice recognition software and barcode scanners

54
Q

examples of inputs

A

images, text, sound, data from sensors

55
Q

examples of sound

A

MiDI and sibelius

56
Q

how can sound be anaylsed and manipulated

A

-software leave room and only record when sound detected which saves battery life
-note taking software link recordings to notes
-shazam/midomi soundhound allow you listen to song and then identify it

57
Q

acclerometers

A

sensors in smartphone allow you control games like undo, skip

58
Q

examples of sensors

A

light sensors, gyroscopes, temperature sensors

59
Q

uses of sensors

A

-laptop screens change brightness depending on the light of the room
-some equipment shut down when temperatures too high

60
Q

output devices examples

A

monitor, data projectors, printers, speakers/headphones,

61
Q

another name for monitor

A

VDU (visual display unit)

62
Q

how do VDU works

A

use LCD (liquid chrystal siaplay) technology but many use LED provide light

63
Q

how are monitors classified

A

size, resolution, response time, connection they use, contrast ratio, technology used

64
Q

common size of monitor

A

19 inches

65
Q

what does the resolution of a monitor refer to

A

number of pixels from screen image

66
Q

who needs a quick response time on monitors

A

gamers

67
Q

what is response time measured in

A

milliseconds

68
Q

3 common ports for monitors

A

VGA cables, DVI cables, HDMI ports

69
Q

contrast ratio

A

measurement/ratio between blackest black and lightest white

70
Q

data projector

A

connects your computer and projects what is on your monitor onto a screen

71
Q

technology of a data projector

A

LCD, DLP, RGP, LED, Pico

72
Q

how do laser printers work

A

melting toner onto paper, faster inkjets, relatively cheap

73
Q

how do inkjet printers work

A

spray dots of ink onto paper, slower laser more expensive, good quality

74
Q

how do dot-matrix printers work

A

old technology that strikes pins onto paper through inked ribbons and used carbon copies

75
Q

what measures the quality of the sound

A

-sound card
-speakers/headphones used

76
Q

which storage devices are portable

A

optical storage and flash drives

77
Q

characteristics of flas drives

A

-electronic
-faster
-more expensive per GB
-less likely damaged
-range size 1GB onwards

78
Q

pros of flash drives

A

-small physical size
-high capacity’
-low cost

79
Q

cons of flash drives

A

stolen or lost

80
Q

examples of memory cards

A

SD, meory stick, compact flash

81
Q

card reader

A

allows you plug card into reader then connect card reader through usb port and treated like flash drive

82
Q

2 types of portable hard drives

A

2.5’’ - need less power but lower capacity
3.5’’ - larger and need extra power supply

83
Q

advantage of portable hard drives over flash drives

A

much greater capacity

84
Q

modem

A

converted digital data into analogue audiio signals so transferred over telephone system when reached destination data transferred back digital data

85
Q

DTD

A

data terminating device

86
Q

3G modems

A

connect internet using cellular telephone network

87
Q

ADSL modems

A

high-speed, 24 hour day connection internet

88
Q

routers

A

make communication between networks over internet possible by directing data to destination

89
Q

synchronise

A

process of getting two sets of same data files on two different devices updated latest copy of files

IT Theory Grade 10 (14 decks)

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