Module 2: Water

Question 1

the bonds that hold atoms to atoms
and make compounds

Answer 1

Intramolecular bonds

Question 2

3 types of intramolecular bonds

Answer 2

covalent, ionic, and metallic

Question 3

a bond in which a pair or pairs of electrons is shared by
two atoms

Answer 3

Covalent Bond

Question 4

covalent bonds between two atoms that have a difference in
electronegativity

Answer 4

Polar

Question 5

covalent bonds between two atoms that have equal
electronegativity

Answer 5

Nonpolar

Question 6

a bond that holds atoms together in a compound;
the electrostatic attraction between charged ions

Answer 6

Ionic Bond

Question 7

a bond resulting from the attraction between positive ions and surrounding mobile electrons

Answer 7

Metallic Bond

Question 8

Forces occur between molecules

Answer 8

Intermolecular forces

Question 9

the weakest intermolecular force and
consist of dipole-dipole forces and dispersion forces

Answer 9

Van der Waals forces

Question 10

result of electron movement within the molecule,
producing a temporary induced dipole with neighboring molecules

Answer 10

London dispersion forces

Question 11

List examples of London Dispersion Forces

Answer 11

Halogens, Nobel Gases, Gases, Hydrocarbons

Question 12

strength of dispersion forces tends to increase with

Answer 12

increased molecular weight

Question 13

The strength of dispersion forces tends to increase with
increased molecular weight, this is because

Answer 13

larger electron clouds that are easier to polarize

Question 14

Why are molecules that have permanent dipoles attracted to each other?

Answer 14

positive end of one is attracted to the negative end of the other

Question 15

True or False? The more polar the molecule the higher its boiling point

Answer 15

True

Question 16

These interactions will occur between partial positive and partial negative charges on different molecules

Answer 16

Dipole-dipole interaction

Question 17

Occurs between molecules containing a hydrogen bonded to fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen

Answer 17

Hydrogen Bonding

Question 18

True or False? Presence of hydrogen bonding in a molecule indicates a high boiling point.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Occurs between an ionic and polar compound

Answer 19

Ion-dipole interactions

Question 20

two attractive forces in ion-dipole

Answer 20

• Between a cation and partial negative end of a polar molecule
• Between an anion and partial positive end
  of a polar molecule

Question 21

Why are ion-dipole interactions important in solutions of ions

Answer 21

strength of these forces is what makes it possible for ionic substances to dissolve in polar solvents

Question 22

List the intramolecular forces from strongest to weakest

Answer 22

metallic bond, ionic bond, polar covalent bond, nonpolar covalent bond

Question 23

List the intermolecular forces from strongest to weakest

Answer 23

Hydrogen Bonding, Dipole-Dipole attraction, London dispersion attraction

Question 24

Resistance of a liquid to flow

Answer 24

viscosity

Question 25

related to the ease with which molecules can move past each other

Answer 25

viscosity

Question 26

True or false? Viscosity increases with stronger intermolecular forces and decreases with higher temperature

Answer 26

True

Question 27

results from the net inward force experienced by the molecules on the surface of a liquid

Answer 27

Surface tension

Question 28

True or False? As temperature decreases, surface tension increases

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is the value of Blood pH?

Answer 29

7.4

Question 30

When a solution contains equal amounts of [H+] and [OH-], it is said to be

Answer 30

Neutral

Question 31

Solutions with an excess of H+ are

Answer 31

Acidic

Question 32

Solutions with an excess of OH- are

Answer 32

basic

Question 33

how strongly the atoms pull electrons

Answer 33

Electronegativity

Question 34

the weak attraction between the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another

Answer 34

Hydrogen bond

Question 35

Water molecules tend to stick together

Answer 35

cohesion

Question 36

what is being dissolved

Answer 36

Solute

Question 37

the solute in the solvent

Answer 37

Solution

Question 38

a measure of the relative amounts of acids and bases in a solution

Answer 38

pH scale

Question 39

pH greater than 7

Answer 39

basic

Question 40

Pure water pH = 7

Answer 40

neutral

Question 41

pH lower than 7

Answer 41

acidic

Question 42

help maintain a relatively constant hydrogen ion concentration

Answer 42

Buffers

Question 43

the capacity of a buffer to maintain a specific pH

Answer 43

Buffering capacity

Question 44

a condition that occurs when human blood pH falls below 7.35

Answer 44

Acidosis

Question 45

if blood pH rises above 7.45

Answer 45

Alkalosis

Question 46

-something that has a proton and is willing to give it up. - or may be defined as a hydrogen ion donor

Answer 46

Acid (HA)

Question 47

- something that has a place to put a proton - as a hydrogen ion acceptor

Answer 47

Base

Question 48

_____ completely dissolves in H2O

Answer 48

Strong acids

Question 49

_____don’t completely dissolve in H2O

Answer 49

Weak acids

Question 50

Organic acids (compounds with carboxyl groups) are referred to as

Answer 50

weak acids

Question 51

is used for calculating the pH and concentration of a buffer

Answer 51

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation