Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medication History > Module 2-TOP MEDICATIONS-WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW: Part I > Flashcards

Module 2-TOP MEDICATIONS-WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW: Part I Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® World History flashcards AP® U.S. History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards AP® European History flashcards World History 101 flashcards European History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

?????~~ending “—pril “
— used in
-CAD,
-CHF,
-hypertension,
-diabetes with kidney disease,
-chronic kidney disease

A

ANGIOTENSIN converting enzyme inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

????~~~ending “-sartan”
-Used in C.AD,CHF, hypertension, diabetes with kidney disease
some are combined with diuretic eg. Diovan)
-Often used inpatient who developed a cough to ACE inhibitors
-Ending in” sartan)

A

Angiotensin receptor blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

BPMH

A

“ Best possible” medication history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

CAD

A

Coronary artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CHF

A

Congestive heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

COPD

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

DOACs

A

Direct oral anticoagulants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

DVT

A

Deep venous thrombosis
DVT- blood clots in legs or arms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

GERD

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

HTN

A

hypertension ( high blood pressure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

HCTZ

A

Hydrochlorothiazide(
(Microzide, Hydrodiuril)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

INR

A

International normalized ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

NPH

A

Neutral protamine Hagedorn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

PE

A

Pulmonary embolism
(Fluid in the lungs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PVD

A

Peripheral vascular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is for?
-Alpha-Adrenergic Agonist: example -clonodine
-Angiotension converting enzyme inhibitor. (ACE-I)
-Angiotension receptor blocker (ARBs)
-Arteriolar vasodilator
-Beta-Blockers
-Calcium channel blockers
-Thiazides and Thiazide-like Diuretic

A

Medication classes: for high blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

HTN
- treatment:
Used in CAD (coronary artery disease), CHF (congested heart failure) hypertension, diabetes with kidney disease, chronic kidney disease, some combine with diabetic (e.g trade name zestoretic)
-End in “”pril”
-benazepril
-Captopril
-Enalapril
-lisinopril

A

CLASS :
- ACE-I (ace inhibitors) —(angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor)
Lotensin
Capoten
Vasotec
Prinivil/zestril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Treatment:
-Used CAD;CHF, hypertension, diabetes with kidney disease
-some are combined with diuretic(e.g. Trade name Diovan HCT)
-I’ll use in patient who developed a cough to ACE inhibitors
-Ending in “ -sartan”)
—candesartan
—irbesartan
—Losartan
—Valsartan

—

A

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
-Treatment in CHF, hypertension, CAD, diabetes with kidney disease
Atacand
Avapro
Cozaar
Diovan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

-used in CAD, CHF , hypertension, arterial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia ,”liver disease, tremor.
— some are long acting or extended release( e.g. L or CR at the end of the trade name)
— some are combined with a diuretic (e.g. bisoprolol/HCTZ)
— and in “-lol)
L

A

Hypertension:
BETA-BLOCKERS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ending in “-lol”
-atenolol ( ?)
-bisoprolol (?)
-t (?)meteprolol
-carvedilol (?)
-labetalol (?)
-nadolol(?)
Propanolol (?)

A

Beta blockers
-tenormin -IV and pills
-ZEBETA
-lopressor or toprol XL
-Coreg
-normodyne, trandate) IV or pills
- corgard
-inderal -IV or pills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

-used for hypertension, CAD,angina, atrial fibrillation
-they are long acting or extended release version(e.g. CD, CR, LA, XR, XT at the end of the trade name
-some end in “ —pine”
-amlodipine(?)
-nicardipine(?)
-nifedipine (?)
-diltiazem (?)
-verapamil(?)

-

A

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER - Hypertension
-norvasc
-Carlene- IV and pills
-Adalat, procardia
Cardizem- IV or pills
Calandra, verelan —IV and pills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

-use for hypertension, heartfailure, and edema(swelling)
-Patient may refer to this as their “ water pills” because it makes them urinate
-Typically an in- “—azide” or “-one)
-hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide,hydrodiuril)
— ——abbreviate HCTZ
——— often combined with all the medication for blood pressure
-chlorthalidone (Hygroton)
-Metolazone (Zaroxolyn)

A

HTN: THIAZIDES AND THIAZIDE- like diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

HTN: implication
-if a patient say that they are taking a medication for high blood pressure, but do not know the name of it
1- is this a water pill?
2-could be an ACE inhibitor?
3-could it be on?ARB? This medication are often giving to patient who developed a cough on ACE INHIBITORS THEY OFTEN END IN-?
4-could it be calcium channel blockers?? Some of this medication end in “-pine”

A

-First see if you can figure out what class is in
1- it is a water pill, like a thiazide or HCTZ
2-could it be an ACE inhibitor? this medication often end in—“ -pril”
3-these ending and in”—sartan)
4- they often end in —lol
5-this medication and in “-pine”; amlofipine

25
Q

If patient say that they are taking a medication for high blood pressure, but do not know the name of it
-If you can figure out the medication class, then start name some of the most common drug in the class say both brand and generic name
It is an ACE inhibitor ask something like

A

-It says lisinopril, also known as zestful or prinivil ?
-how about enalapril, also known as vasotec ?
-could it be benazepril also known as lotensin.?

26
Q

Hypertension: implication continue

HCTZ (.?)
Lisinopril (?)
Valsartan ?
Metoprolol .?
Atenolol?
Amlodipine?
-(

A

Micozide
Zestril
Diovan
Lopressor
Tenormin
Norvasc

27
Q

-? : blockage of heart all the way
—— Treated with medication, or stent or bypass surgery.
-May present with chest pain (angina) and have acute coronary syndrome or myocardial infarction (heart attack) — these medication help with reducing chest pain)
-in addition to anti-hypertensive, although medication classes to treat CAD are:
-Nitrate Vasodilator-can be extended or sustain release
—— nitro glycerin (nitrolingual ) -sublingual, Patch or IV
—— jsosorbide mono nitrates ( Imgur)
——isosorbide dinitrate (isordil)

A

coronary artery disease (CAD

28
Q

-medication classes:
1-loop diuretic
2-cardiac glycosides(e.g.digoxin)
3-nitrate vasodilators
—-Isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine (BIDI)
4-potassium sparingly diuretic.
5–sacubitril/varsartan (entresto)

-?..can systolic (hear does not pump well) or diastolic (hot does not relax well) or both
-The medication classes below are used to help treat CHF, in addition to the ACE inhibitor or ARBs
-y

A

Congestive heart failure (CHF)
- CHF can be systolic ( heart does not pump well) or diastolic ( heart doesn’t not relax well) , or both
-The medication classes below are used to help treat. CHF.(Congestive heart failure), in addition to the ACE inhibitor or ARBs

29
Q

What class for CHF?

-used to treat: hypertension,
edema fromheart failure, or kidney disease or ascites from cirrhosis (fluid in the abdomen from liver disease) -pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs)
-Patient may call it their water pill because it makes them urinate

-Ending in “ —ide”
——furosemide (Lasix) -pill or IV
——bumetanide (bumex)—IV or pills
——torsemide (Demadex)

A

CHF:congestive heart failure
-medication class:
-Loop Diuretics

30
Q

WHAT CLASS FOR CHF?

-using patience with CHF, hypertension, ascites from cirrhosis (fluid in the abdomen from liver disease, edema(swelling)
-Patient my call it’s their water pill because it make them urinate
-medication treatment:
1-spironolactone
2-trimterene
3-amiloride
4-eplerenone

A

CHF :
Adactone
Dyrenium
Midamor
Inspra

-Medication class :
POTASSIUM
SPARING-DIURETICS

31
Q

-also known as high cholesterol, high lipids
-medication used to prevent or treat hyperlipidemia,CAD, peripheral vascular disease (PVD) ,stroke
What is the Medication class: ??

——-end in —statins)
1-atorvastatin (Lipitor)
2-fluvastatin (lescol)
3-lovastatin(mevacor,alto or
4-pravastatin (Pravachol)
5-rosuvastatin (Crestor)
6-simvastatin (Zocor)

A

Medication class:
—HMG CoA Reduclase inhibitor (—statins)

HYPERLIPIDEMIA

32
Q

. also, know as high cholesterol, high lipids.
-medication used to prevent or treat hyperlipidemia, CAD, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), stroke

A

HYPERLIPIDEMIA

33
Q

Medication classes:
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (-statins):
-atorvastatin (Lipitor)

          -fluvastatin (lescol)

          -lovastatin (alto,mevacor)
          -rosuvastatin (crestor)
          -simvastatin (Zocor)

-“

A

HYPERLIPIDEMIA:
-Also known as high cholesterol or high lipids

34
Q

-used to prevent a treat , patients who have CAD, myocardial infarction(heart attack),strokes, atrial fibrillation, claudication) (blockage of leg arteries
-some patient may think of this as “blood thinner”, although the mechanism of action is different than anticoagulants
-this medication’s work to block platelets or make them inactive

A

ANTIPLATELET AGENTS

35
Q

. aspirin. (Bayer, Ecotrin)- abbreviated ASA
—-it can be enteric coated (EC)
—-maybe(81 mg) or full dose (325mg)
-Dipyridamole (persantine)
-ASA/Dipyridamole (aggrenox)
-cilostazol (Pleta)
-anagrelide(Agrylin)

A

ANTIPLATELET AGENTS

36
Q

-used to prevent or treat patient who have: -Atrial fibrillation
-CAD
-claudication (blockage
Of leg arteries)
-myocarditis infarction
(Heart attack)
-peripheral vascular
Disease
-stroke

A

ANTIPLATELET AGENTS

37
Q

Medication used for:
-aspirin ( Bayer,Ecotrin) abbreviation ASA
-dilyridamole (persantin)
-ASA /dipyridamole (aggrenox)
-cilostazol (pletal)
-anagrelide (Agrylin)

A

ANTIPLATELET AGENTS

38
Q

-used to trick acute coronary syndrome (myocardial infarction/ heart attack), CAD, stroke, and prevention of more this event, after stents to heart artery, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease
-medication class:
—- P2Y12 Platelet inhibitors
-clopidogrel (Plavix)
-Prasugrel (Effient
-ticlopidine (Ticlid)
-Richelle

A

ANTIPLATELET

39
Q

-medication classes:
-vitamin K antagonist
-Treatment medication:
-warfarin(Coumadin)
-Must be monitored regularly with blood test called (INR) international normalized ratio to make sure those is correct
-DOA (anticoagulants
-Low Molecule Weight Heparin
-enoxaparin (Lovenox)-circuit subcutaneous injection

A

ANTICOAGULANTS

40
Q

DOA medication classes
-Direct Thrombin inhibitor
—-dabigatran (Pradaxa)
-Factor Xa inhibitors:
__ ending in: —xaban”
——apixaban (Eliquis)
——rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
——edoxaban (Savaysa)l

A

DOA :(direct oral anticoagulants )

41
Q

-this medication helped to slow the heart and or keep in a regular rhythm
-Used to treat artrial fibrillation, Supra-ventricular, tachycardia,ventricular arrhythmia
-medication treatment:
—-sotabol (Betapace)
—-amiodarone( Cordarone/Pacerone)

A

ANTIARRHYTHMICS

42
Q

—chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are common diagnosis-both can cause wheezing and shortness of breath
— medication to help via these diagnosis can be oral or inhales
— many inhaler contain a combination of medication from different classes

A

LUNG DISEASES

43
Q

-medication classes:
— short-acting and long-acting bronchodilators
— steroids: i
—fluticasoninhalerr(Flovent)
— mometasone (Asmanex))
—-budesonide ( Pulmicort)
— short acting Muscarninic Antagonists :
————-ipratropium (Atrovent))
— leukotrine inhibitors:
———-montelukast (Sinclair)

A

Medication classes for lung disease

44
Q

Medication classes continue for lung disease:
-how to open up the lungs to help with breeding
-Ending in(- terol”
—— short acting bronchodilator: albuterol (proair, Proventil, Ventolin)
——-long acting bronchodilator-
————sameterol,(Serevent,formoterol(Foradil)
-Brondichodilator Medication combination with all the medication classes:
—— salmeterol I/fluticasone (Advair)
——formoterol/budesonide (symbicort)
——albuterol/ipratropium (continent)

A

Lung Diseases:  bronchodilator

45
Q

-diabetes mellitus:
—-the body cannot use sugar(glucose) appropriately, so the glucose level in the blood is high
— sometimes” high blood sugar” or the sugar by patient
— different types:
—— type 1 :dependent on Insulin .
—— type 2: may use all medication and are insulin

A

Diabetes (DM)

46
Q

-use and type two diabetes only often before patient needs insulin.
-Medication classes:
1- BIGUANIDE
-merformin (
2- sulfonnylureas - can cause low blood sugar
‘End in “-ide”
e.g. glyburide. (Diabetes , micronase)
glimepiride (Amaryl)

                 glipizide (glucotrol) then come in extended release (XL)

3- Sodium-glucose Co-Transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors
-Especially useful inpatient with diabetes and heart failure
-end. “- glifozin”
eg. canagliflozin (Invokana)
empagliflozin. ( Jardiance)
dapagliflozin (Farxiga)

A

DM (diabetes oral medication)

Diabetes mellitus

47
Q

-DM : insulin
-subcutaneous injections
- ..?.
—neutral protamin Hagedorn (NPH) - sometimes come by with regular insulin
— insulin detemir (Levemir)
— insulin glargine (Lantus)

A

DM: insulin
-Long acting insulin-usually use once or twice a day

48
Q

DM - insulin
-Subcutaneous injections
—-insulin regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
—-insulin aspart (Novolog , Fiasp)- can come in a “ pen” delivery system for easier injecting
—-insulin Li’s pro (Humalog)
—-insulin glulisine (Apidra)

A

DM: insulin

-Short Acting Insulin-used multiple times per day, before or after meals

49
Q

-Called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) , heartburn
-medication classes:
1-Proton Pump Inhibitors ( PPIs)
2-H2 Blockers

A

REFLUX

50
Q

-these medications used reduced the acids produced in the stomach.
-Also used after gastrointestinal bleeding (GI) due to also and prevention of GI bleeding,
-Several are available over-the-counter and prescription.
-Ending in “-prazole):
- omeprazole (Prilosec)
-esomeprazole (Nexium)
- lansoprazole (Prevacid)
-pantoprazole (protonix)

A

REFLUX
- Medication class : PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS

51
Q

REFLUX
Medication class?

-many medications are over-the-counter and do not require a prescription, so it’s important to ask about them
-end in “- tidine”
-famotidine (Pepcid)
-cimetidine (Tagamet)

A

REFLUX
-medication class : H2 BLOCKERS

52
Q

-have trouble with bowel movement that are hard or infrequent , also used in liver disease
-Can be oral or suppository.
-Many are available over-the-counter
..?? medication classes:

A

CONSTITIPATION
-medication classes:
1-Laxatives
2-stool softener
3-Osmotic Agents
4-stimulant laxatives

53
Q

Medication class ??
Medication used :

-psyllium (Metamucil)
r-methyl cellulose (Citrucel)
-calcium polycarbophil ( FiberCon)
-wheat dextrin (Benefiber)

A

LAXATIVES

54
Q

What medication class?
-Medication used for:
——————————docusate ( Colace)

A

STOOL SOFTNERS

55
Q

It helps water draw in the gut??
It can cost intestines to secrete water and increase to frequency.
Often come as liquid or powders.
—-medication :
-Polyethylene Glycol (PEG, GoLYTE. MiraLAX
-lactulose ( Constulose)
-Milk of magnesia, magnesium citrate

A

Osmotic Agents

56
Q

What medication class?
— OTC medication:
—————————-bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
—————————-senna (Senokot)

A

Stimulant laxatives

57
Q

CONCLUSION:
-common diagnosis include:
hypertension,
coronary artery disease,
congestive heart failure,
hyperlipidemia,
COPD,
asthma,
diabetes,
reflux, and
constipation

A

Knowing this diagnosis and they commonly prescribed medication to treat them is foundational for being able to take an accurate and complete medication history.
Since many medication classes have similar ending to the medication names ,one can be used to probing questions to narrow down the medication when patient are unsure of exact name

58
Q

Definition of DVT :

A

DVT (deep venous) thrombosis

Medication History (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions