Module 2 (part three)

Question 1

What is adipose tissue?

Answer 1

Most triglycerides are stored in adipose tissue, that helps define body shape, provides stored energy, insulation, cushions to protect internal organs against shock, form myelin sheaths.

Question 2

What does cholesterol help make?

Answer 2

hormones, synthesize regulatory molecules

Question 3

What are polyunsaturated fatty acids effect in body regulation? hint: blood pressure

Answer 3

blood clotting, makes molecules that regulate gene expression

Question 4

Is Omega 3 or Omega 6 anti-inflammatory and decreases blood clotting? What are they both used to synthesize?

Answer 4

Omega - 3

They are both used to synthesize eicosanoids

Question 5

the sum of EPA + DHA in red blood cell membranes, expressed as a percent of total fatty acids in membranes is known as the what index?

Answer 5

Omega - 3 Index

- below 4% is high risk, over 8% is low risk for cardiovascular disease

Question 6

Ischemic stroke is what?

Answer 6

Lack of oxygen, the most common stroke

Question 7

What is the role HDL is heart clots? How can you maximize HDLs effects?

Answer 7

reduces plaque accumulation

Avoid HDL supplements, lose weight (every ten pounds lost is 2 mg of HDL increased), avoid refined sugars and carbs

Question 8

What are the coronary heart disease (CHD) stages?

Answer 8

1. Injury to artery wall
2. macrophage absorbs oxLDLS into the injured artery wall. white bloods cells try to gather the oxLDLs and cholesterol which forms foam cells.
3. The cells burst making a fat streak and smoothe muscle cells secrete protein.
4. Fibrous cap forms over the fat and cholesterol
5. Atherosclerosis (Decades of a slow accumulation of cholesterol rich plaque in the arteries).
6. thrombus is formed over damage to layer of cells). Causing a heart attack (Myocardial Infarction).

Question 9

What is the solution to CHD?

Answer 9

• Replace trans fats, sats and cholesterol with plant foods, they lower oxidization in blood levels
• Avoid smoking, which is filled with carbon monoxide
• Eat fish oils to reduce the response palettes have to the thrombus

Question 10

Describe each fats effect on Lipoprotein levels

Answer 10

sat fat - raises TC, LDL and has unknown effect on HDls
Polyun - Lowers TC, Lowers LDL , Lowers HDL
Monosat- Lowers TC, Lowers LDL, unknown change on HDL
Trans fats - raises TC, raises LDL, lowers HDL

Question 11

What is the summary of oxidization? (LEO)

Answer 11

LEO: Loss of electrons
Resulting product is more reactive.
Oxidization is caused in oils by light, oxygen and heat

Question 12

What is a carotid artery?

Answer 12

Ischemic stroke in the neck, cutting off supply to the brain