Module 2 Neurology Notes Flashcards
What causes drug induced parkinsonism
D2 - antagonists - like haloperidol
What can help drug induced parkinsonism
Anticholinergics - like Benzatropine
Acute consequence of D2 antagonists
Acute dystonia/dyskinesia
Consequence of long term anti-psychotic drugs
Tardive dyskinesia
Differences between NMS and malignant hyperthermia
NMS presents over 1-3 days
MH presents over mins-hours
NMS occurs with neuroleptic anti-psychotics such as haloperidol
MH is caused by inhaled anaesthetics or neuromuscular blocking agents
Tell tale signs of cardiac flow obstruction induced seizure
positionally or exceptionally induced
Tell tale sign of contralateral frontoparietal cortex
Focal motor/sensory symptoms
Affective/ cognitive symptoms
Tell tale sign of temporal lobe seizure
Sensation of fear
de ja vu
gustatory/olfactory hallucinations
Diffuse CBS disfunction is indicative of
Presyncope
Brief post-ictal confusion is indicative of…
Generalised seizure
Is urinary incontinence specific to seizure type?
No, syncope or seizure
What does lateral tongue biting indicate?
Highly specific to generalized tonic clonic seizure
Aspects of Benign febrile convulsions
2-5% of children aged 0.5-5 yeas
During first day of febrile illness
Last less than 10-15 mins
Lacks focal features - 2/3 have 1, 1/10 have 3+
Systemic causes of seizures
Hypoglycaemia Hyponatraemia Hypocalcaemia Uraemia Hepato-encephalopathy Drug overdose Hyperthermia Global cerebral ischaemia Hyperthermia Eclampsia Hypertensive encephalopathy
Treatment of eclamptic seizures
Magnesium Sulfate - not phenytoin
