MODULE 2: MODELS OF COMMUNICATION Flashcards
What are the models of communication?
- Linear Model
- Shannon-Weaver Model
- Transactional Model
- Aristotle’s Speaker Centered Model
- Jakobson’s Model
- Wilbur Schramm Model
- The Lasswell Model
- Stimulus - Response Model
- SMCR Model
means a systematic description of a phenomenon or abstract process
model
communication is seen as proceeding in a straight line or straight path
Linear model
It is one-directional, which means that information from a sender is conveyed directly to the receiver
Linear Model
This means that the transmission of message starts from an active sender and ends with the passive reader
Linear Model
An american mathematician and electronic engieneer and weaver, an american scientist who helped to write an article in the Bell System Technical Journal called A Mathematical Theory of Communication
Shannon
Shannon joined together to write an article in three Bell system technical journal and formed a new model of communication called _____
Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication
what was the name of the article in the bell system technical journal?
A Mathematical Theory of Communication
known as the mother of all communication
Shannon-Weaver Model of communication
5 elements of the shannon-weaver model
- source
- transmitter
- channel
- receiver
- destination
producer of message
source
encoder of message into signals
transmitter
signals adapted for transmission
channel
decoder of message from the signal
receiver
Model developed in the 1970s by Dean Barnlund
Transactional Model
who developed the transactional model?
Dean Barnlund
it shows communication as occurring continuously and simultaneously between or among people
Transactional Model
A two way process in which participant are constantly sending and receiving messages with the inclusion of feedback as one element
Transactional Model
a linear model of communication and considered as the first model of communication proposed before 300 B.C
Aristotle’s Speaker Centered Model
This has the most important role in aristotle’s communication model and is the only active one
Speaker
It is the speaker’s role to deliver a ___ to the audience
speech
The speaker must organize the speech beforehand, according to the target audience and situation
Occasion
The speech mush be prepared so that the audience can be persuaded or influenced by the speech
audience and effect
3 elements that must be present in a good communicator or public speaker
- Ethos
- Pethos
- Logos
is the characteristic which makes speaker credible in front of the audience
Ethos
If what the speaker says matters to the audience and they can connect with it, the audience will be more interested and they will think the speaker is more credible
Pathos
Is logic
logos
People believe only if they understood what the speaker is trying to say
Logos
linguistic model of interpersonal communication outlines in 1960 by Roman Jakobson
Jakobson’s model
it highlights the importance of codes and social contexts involved in communication
Jakobson’s Model
Who made the Jakobson’s Model
Roman Jakobson
6 components of Jakobson’s Model
- Addresser
- Adressee
- Context
- Message
- Contact
- Code
the sender of the message
Addresser
receiver of the message
Addressee
situation in which the message was given
context
the idea to be expressed
message
channel through which the message passes
contact
the form of the message
code
six function of language (Jakobson)
- referential
- emotive
- conative
- phatic
- metalingual
- poetic
the model illustrates communication process by two circles that represent the accumulated experience of two individuals who are engaged in communication; and where the 2 circles do not meet there has been no common or shared experience
Wilbur Schramm Model
An american scholar who proposed that encoding/ act of transforming a message into a verbal or non-verbal medium, and decoding or the act of interpreting the message are simultaneously done bye both the speaker and the listener
Wilbur Schramm
is everything that makes a person hnique
Field of Experience
this model was developed by communication theorist Harold D. Lasswell
The Lasswell Model
they said that a convenient way to describe an act of communication is to answer the following questions: who, says what, in which channel, to whom, with what effect?
Harold D. Lasswell
content analysis
what
media analysis
channel
indicates the medium of transmission
Channel
audience analysis
whom
effect analysis
effect
this model posits that effects are specific reactions to specific stimuli
Stimulus - Response amodel
the main elements for stimulus response method
message, receiver, effect
focuses on encoding and decoding which happens before the sender give out the message and before the receiver accepts the message respectably
SMCR model
They published El procesco de ka communication (the process of communication)
David K. Berlo
is the sender of the message or the one from who the message originated
source
Here are the following factors related to the senderwhich is akso the sane un the case of receiber
- Communication skills
- Attitude
- Knowldge
4Social systems - Culture
is a factor that affetcs the communication process
communication skills
The ___ of the sender and the receiver creates the effect of the message
attitude
values, beliefs, laws, rules, religion and many other social factors affect the sender’s way of communicating the message
social systems
these differences make messages different
culture
The communication model of SMCR
S- Source
M- Message
C- Channel
R- Receiver
the substance that is being sent by the sender to the receiver
message
what are the key factors affecting the message?:
- Content
- Elements
- Treatment
- Structure
- Code
is the whole message from beginning to end
content
are nonverbal acts that tag along with the content like gestures, signs, language, etc
elements
is the way the message is received by the receiver
treatment
also affects the feedback of the receiver
treatment
affects the effectiveness of the message
structure
is the form in which the message is sent. it might be in the form if language, text, video etc
code
is the medium used to send the message
channel
5 senses of human or the channels for the communication flow:
- Hearing
- Seeing
- Touching
- Smelling
- Tasting
is the person gets the message sent in the process
receiver
who developed the Lasswell Model
Harold D. Lasswell
this has 5 components which are used as an analysis tool for evaluating the communication process
The Lasswell Model
main elements of the stimulus-response model
Message (Stimulus)
Receiver (Organism)
Effect (Response)
what did David K. Berlo published
El Proceso de la Communicacion
_____on the subject matter makes the communicator send the message effectively
knowledge