Module 2 - Cell Cycle Flashcards
What are the two phases involved in the cell cycle
Interphase
M phase
What is involved in interphase
DNA replication
Cell growth
What is involved in M phase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
What are the 4 phases within the cell cycle
M
G1
S
G2
What occurs in prophase
Chromosomes condense
Nuclear envelope breaks down
Spindle fibres form
What happens in metaphase
Chromosomes meet in the middle attached to the spindle fibres by their centromere
What happens in anaphase
Chromosomes are pulled apart into two sister chromatids
What occurs in Telophase
Chromatids uncoil and become long and slim again
Nuclear envelopes reform around each group of chromosomes and form 2 nuclei
What is a zygote
Fertilisation of an egg and sperm
What is a haploid cells
Cells with have the normal number of chromosomes
What is cytokenisis
Division of the cytoplasm so that two cells are produced
What occurs Stages 1 of meiosis
Prophase 1 - chromosomes condense
Nuclear envelope breaks down
Crossing over occurs
Spindle fibres form
Metaphase 1 - homologous pairs attach to the spindle fibres by their centromeres
Anaphase 1 - homologous pairs get separated
Each pair goes to one end of the cell
Telophase 1 - nuclear envelope reforms around each group of chromosomes
Cytokenisis - cytoplasm divides and forms around each nuclei producing 2 daughter cells
What occurs in stage 2 of meiosis
Two daughter cells undergo what is similar to mitosis producing 4 daughter cells
