Module 2 Biopsychology Flashcards
Evolutionary psychologists study how individual differences arise, in the present, through the interaction of genes and the environment.
false
The field of epigenetics studies fraternal twins to see how the same genotype can be expressed in different ways.
false
Some genes are vital to our survival and lead to natural selection.
true
Glial cells are the basic building blocks of the nervous system.
false
Like a lock and key, each neurotransmitter fits a specific dendrite.
false
An agonist facilitates or mimics the activity of a given neurotransmitter system.
true
The four lobes of the brain are part of the hindbrain.
false
Reflexes do not need input from the brain.
true
The hindbrain controls basic biological functions that keep us alive.
true
Which functional division of the nervous system is responsible for the physiological changes seen during exercise (e.g., increased heart rate and sweating)?
autonomic
The divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the __________ and the __________.
sympathetic; parasympathetic
Sensory and motor nerves are part of the __________ nervous system.
somatic
Sympathetic activation is associated with…
pupil dilation
Thaddeus is having difficulty moving his leg. Which system controls the voluntary responses in his joints and muscles?
somatic
Scientists still use a CT/MRI combination in schizophrenia research.
false
Brain imaging techniques rely on radiation, magnetic fields, and electrical activity.
true
Strokes are a good way of learning the functions of specific brain areas because they tend to impact a large area.
false
How many pairs of chromosomes are typical in humans?
23
A sudden, permanent change in a gene is called a(n)…
mutation
__________ asserts that our genes set definite limits on potential, and the environment determines how much of that potential is achieved.
range of reaction
Which perspective asserts that genotype is not fixed or limited?
epigenetics
Neuronal signals travel to the axon terminals where neurotransmitters are released into the empty space between the next call neuron known as the…
synapse
Which part of a nerve cell transmits information over a long distance?
axon
The maximum number of positive ions that a neuron can hold is known as the…
threshold of excitation
Multiple sclerosis involves a breakdown of the…
myelin sheath
Psychoactive drugs can act as __________ or __________ for a given neurotransmitter system.
antagonist; agonist
The __________ is a sensory relay station where all sensory information, except for smell, goes before being sent to other areas of the brain for further processing.
thalamus
Damage to which part of the brain disrupts one’s ability to comprehend language but leaves one’s ability to produce words intact?
Wernicke’s area
Which part of the brain is responsible for interpreting incoming visual information?
occipital lobe
The __________ is responsible for processing some types of memories. Specifically, procedural memory, or memory involved in learning and remembering how to perform tasks.
cerebellum
Which part of the brain regulates emotions such as fear and aggression?
amygdala
Which nervous system controls the body’s ability to move the hand to play an instrument?
somatic
Nicotine’s effect on the autonomic system causes which of the following?
irregular rhythm of the heart
The __________ branch of the nervous system carries sensory information to the CNS.
afferent somatic sensory
Which functional division of the nervous system is responsible for the physiological changes seen during exercise (e.g., increased heart rate and sweating)?
autonomic
The __________ nervous system operates to maintain the body’s homeostasis.
autonomic
The two techniques involving radiation include the __________ and the __________.
CT scan; PET scan
A(n) __________ has obvious limitations like little detail and exposure to radiation.
PET scan
The two techniques involving magnetic fields include the __________ and the __________.
MRI; fMRI
Electroencephalography (EEG) is useful if you do not need the actual __________ of the activity, but precise timing is important.
location
Which brain imaging technology measures the brain’s electrical activity?
EEG
__________ refers to a person’s genetic makeup, while __________ refers to a person’s physical characteristics.
genotype; phenotype
