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General Psychology > Module 1 Psychological science > Flashcards

Module 1 Psychological science Flashcards

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1
Q

Psyche is a Greek word meaning…

A

Soul

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2
Q

Scientific hypothesis are _________ and _________.

A

Falsifiable; testable

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3
Q

Animal experimental proposals are reviewed by the _________ consisting of institutional administrators, scientists, veterinarians, and community members.

A

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)

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4
Q

Part of behaviorism is the concept of consequences for behavior: rewards and punishments. The operant conditioning chamber, also known as the __________ box, is a device used to study the principles of operant conditioning.

A

skinner

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5
Q

Who studied the mind and its workings before the field of psychology existed?

A

philosophers

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6
Q

The study of psychology officially began in the…

A

1800s

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7
Q

An individual’s consistent pattern of thought and behavior is known as a(n)…

A

personality

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8
Q

__________ is the detection of stimuli using the body’s senses.

A

sensation

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9
Q

__________ is a discipline of psychology that focuses on emotional, social, vocational, and health-related outcomes in individuals who are considered psychologically healthy.

A

cognitive psychology

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10
Q

Which observational study type involves documenting individuals’ behavior in their natural environments?

A

naturalistic observation

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11
Q

Using existing records to try to answer a research question is known as…

A

archival research

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12
Q

__________ involves following a group of research participants over an extended period of time.

A

longitudinal research

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13
Q

Height and weight are positively correlated. This means that…

A

as height increases, typically weight increases

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14
Q

The correlation coefficient is represented by which letter?

A

r

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15
Q

A t-test can be conducted when you have…

A

one independent variable with two conditions

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16
Q

Which format is used in psychological writing?

A

APA

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17
Q

To which section does the procedures subsection belong?

A

methods

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18
Q

Choose the correct APA formatting for a psychological report.

A

double spaced, 1-inch margins, Times New Roman, 12 point font

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19
Q

What are the two types of reasoning in psychology?

A

deductive and inductive

20
Q

In using the scientific method to study psychology, a scientist or psychologist would propose a hypothesis, which is a(n)…

A

testable prediction

21
Q

Research in psychology must be…

A

systematic

22
Q

During the early 20th century, the focus of psychology shifted to a more humanistic approach. One of the psychologists during that time, __________ is most well-known for proposing his hierarchy of needs.

A

abraham maslow

23
Q

Rogers believed that providing __________, __________, and __________ for his clients in the therapeutic environment was critical to their ability to deal with their problems.

A

unconditional positive regard; genuineness; empathy

23
Q

Which field of psychology focuses on the inherent good in individuals?

A

humanism

24
Q

Which field of psychology focuses on the outcome of sensory experiences studied as a whole, rather than breaking them up into smaller parts?

A

gestalt psychology

25
Q

Who was the first African American man to receive a PhD in psychology?

A

cecil sumner

26
Q

A researcher interested in how changes in the cells of the hippocampus (a structure in the brain related to learning and memory) are related to memory formation would be most likely to identify as a(n) __________ psychologist.

A

biological

27
Q

Which of these is one of the five dimensions of the Five Factor Model, which is used frequently in personality psychology?

A

neuroticism

28
Q
A
29
Q

__________ is the study of how humans interact with one another.

A

social psychology

30
Q

Buss (1989) found that women valued earning potential factors greater than men, and men valued potential reproductive factors (youth and attractiveness) greater than women in their prospective mates. In general, the predictions aligned with the predictions of evolution. This is an example of which branch of psychology?

A

evolutionary

31
Q

Sigmund Freud developed his theory of human personality by conducting in-depth interviews with a few clients. This research approach is known as…

A

a case study

32
Q

A characteristic of a research experiment is…

A

the ability to determine cause and effect

33
Q

The major limitation of case studies is the…

A

inability to generalize findings to the larger population.

34
Q

Which method is a list of questions developed by a researcher administered in paper-and-pencil form?

A

survey

35
Q

Longitudinal research is complicated by high rates of…

A

attrition

36
Q

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between two variables?

A

-.90

37
Q

Which statement best illustrates a negative correlation between the number of hours spent watching television the week before an exam and the grade earned on an exam?

A

Students who watch more television perform worse on their exams.

38
Q

An f-test can be conducted when you have…

A

one independent variable with more than two conditions.

39
Q

To be significant, we expect results to happen entirely by chance only __________ (or less) of the time.

A

5%

40
Q

When a researcher attempts to publish their work in a peer-reviewed journal, who gives the final say as to whether or not that work will be published?

A

the editor

41
Q

Examine the following citation and decide what correction needs to be made:

Renbarger, R., & Long, K. (2019). Interventions for postsecondary success for low-income and
high-potential students: A systematic review. Journal of Advanced Academics, 30(2),
178-202. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932202X19828744

A

the citation is correct

42
Q

Determine the sentence’s verb tense and where it belongs in a psychological report: Participants were recruited via a mass online email campaign.

A

past tense; participants section

43
Q

Read the following short description of a study’s procedures and determine which material should NOT go in the materials section: Participants were given a maze and told to trace their way through the maze as they attempted to solve it. The maze was presented to the participant in one of three ways: on a computer screen where they trace their path with the mouse, on a piece of paper where they trace their path with a pencil, or on a piece of paper where they trace their path with their finger.

A

finger

44
Q

Which is an appropriate header for the title page of a report titled “Brain and Body: An Evaluation of Our Individual Sensations and Perceptions?”

A

BRAIN AND BODY

45
Q

In order to teach at a university, one will need a _______ in psychology.

A

masters degree or PhD

46
Q

The __________ grants researchers permission to conduct a study if the study is performed on human participants and is ethical.

A

IRB

General Psychology (12 decks)

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