MODULE 2: Basic Computer Principles Flashcards
What is a Progammable electronic device that can store, retrieve & process data?
Computer
A Computer consists of three parts, what are they?
Input
Output
Processing devices
These are any hardware devices that sends data to a computer allowing you to interact with and control it?
Input Devices
Examples of Input Devices are? (6 devices)
Keyboard
Mouse
Microphones
Barcode readers
Touch screens
Image scanners
What are any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts information to a human-perceptible form (can, be text, graphics, tactile, audio or video)
Output Devices
What are the few examples of Output Devices?
Monitors
Printers
Speakers
It is known as the data that the computer takes from the user and processes it using a machine language of 1s and 0s.
binary code
What kind of Binary Code is the ff.
- Transistor circuit is closed
- Current passes through
Binary code = 1
What kind of Binary code is the ff.
- Transistor circuit is open
- No current passes
Binary code = 0
Each 1 and each 0 represents a?
Bit
a single unit of data
Bit
it is made up of 8 bits and is the amount of memory needed to store one alphanumeric character
Byte
How many bytes does the words “Computer Geek” have?
12 bytes
It holds all the components in a relatively cool, clean and safe environment and it also shields the outside environment from the radio frequencies being emitted by the electronic components of the computer
The Case
The largest circuitry board inside the computer
Motherboard
What are the components of the Motherboard?
(6 component)
- CPU
- Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)
- Bus
- Memory
- Ports
- Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductors (CMOS)
What does CPU stand for?
Central Processing Unit
It is the brain of the computer and consists of series of transistors that are arranged to manipulate data received from the software
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
What are the Basic tasks of CPU?
- To read data from storage
- Manipulate
- Then move the data back to storage or send it to external devices, such as monitors and printers
First microprocessor was made by Intel in 1979 and was called?
8088
A microprocessor that needs 12 cycle to complete 1 basin instruction
8088
A microprocessor that has 1 instruction per cycle
Pentium 4
A microprocessor that has 3GHz, 3 thousamd million instructions per second
i5
What does BIOS stand for
Basic Input/Output System
It contains a simple set of instructions for the computer.
BIOS (Basic Input/ Output System
It is a series of connections, controllers, and chips that creates the information highway of the computer
It also provides the connections for the information to flow within the computer.
Bus
Bus found within the computer
PCI
SCSI
AGP
USB
What does PCI mean
Peripheral Component Interconnect
What does SCSI mean?
Small Computer System Interface
What does AGP mean
Accelerated Graphics Port
What does USB stand for?
Universal Serial Bus
It is used to store information currently being processed within the CPU and it is known as RAM
Memory
is a short-term storage for open programs
RAM
what does RAM stand for
Random Access Memory
___ is only temporary, once the PC is turned off , it is wiped cleam
RAM
Collection of connectors sticking out of the back of the PC that links:
- Adapter cards
- Drives
- Printers
- Scanners
- Keyboards
- Mouse
- Other peripherals that may be used
Ports
What are the 5 types of Ports?
- Parallel
- Serial
- USB
- IDE - Integrated Drive Electrons
- SCSI - Small Computer System Interface
A type of Port that has a 25 pin connector and 8 bits of data
Parallel Port
A type of Port that has a 9-25 pin connector and 1 bit of data
Serial Port
What type of port is the most common wired connection and multiple devices may be connected into 1 port
USB Port
What type of port is found in the motherboard and connects the hard drive, floppy drive, CD-ROM drive to the board
IDE - Integrated Drive Electrons
What type of port is the fastest & most versatile way for a PC to communicate with its peripherals, It can manage up to 7 devices through a daisy connection which are
- Hard Drives
- CD-ROM drives
- Scanners
- Printers
SCSI - Small Computer System Interface
A special type of memory chip which uses small rechargeable or lithium battery to retain information about the PC’s hardware while the computer is turned off
Also the location of the system clock that keeps track of the date and time
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductors (CMOS)
A system clock that uses a vibrating quartz crystal to set the speed for the CPU
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductors
Contains all the circuitry for recording & reproducing sound on the PC
Sound Card
What are the file types that the Sound Card interprets
- WAV
- MP3
- MIDI
What does WAV stand for
Waveform Audio Files
What does MP3 stand for?
Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer 3 Files
What does MIDI stand for?
Musical Instrument Digital Interface
